Imperialism Review Lecture The “New” Imperialism…  late 1700s – early 1900s  different from earlier explorers in 1500s – 1600s (like in North & South America)  New imperialists wanted to have significant influence over the lives of the colonized peoples  Led to an extreme competition to see who would become the new world powers

ImperialismDefinition  Domination by one country over another country’s political, economic, and cultural life.

Industrial Revolution and Imperialism  Industrialized countries needed raw materials such as cotton, coal, iron, oil, copper, rubber  They also needed foreign markets to sell goods  Needed to control a region/country to protect raw materials & markets

American Imperialism (Late 1800s – early 1900s)  Controversial because of American ideals  U.S. was slow to imperialize (many locations had already been colonized)  Eventually we needed to actively protect & promote our economic & political interests  Policy pursued by President’s McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson.

Motives for Imperialism  Economic  Desire to make money  To expand and control foreign trade  Create new markets for products  Acquire raw materials and cheap labor  Global Competition  Nation’s desire to gain power & security  Expand territory and compete with other nations  Gain prestige by winning colonies  Prove military strength

 Ideological  Based on the belief in superior races  Need to “civilize” other people (“White Man’s Burden”)  Social Darwinism: only the strongest nations will survive  Responsibility to spread Christianity & our culture to inferior peoples

Forms of Colonial Rule  Colonies- territory owned & ruled by a foreign power  Protectorate – a country that keeps its own government, but under the protection of another nation  Sphere of Influence – a territory in which an outside power claims exclusive trading privileges