American Imperialism A New Manifest Destiny

New Manifest Destiny? Our manifest destiny is to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the development of our yearly multiplying millions John O’ Sullivan, 1844

Imperialism the economic and political domination of a strong nation over other weaker nations.

Economic Reasons for Imperialism Tariffs prevented trade between countries Tariffs prevented trade between countries The need for markets The need for markets The need for raw materials The need for raw materials

Political Reasons for Imperialism The need for power The need for power The desire for prestige The desire for prestige

Social Reasons for Imperialism Spread Religion (Christianity) Spread Religion (Christianity) Social Darwinism “White Man’s Burden” Social Darwinism “White Man’s Burden” Spread Ideas Spread Ideas

6 Ds of Imperialism ● Dollars ● Defense ● Democracy ● Darwinism ● Deity ● Destiny

Causes for US Imperialism End of Frontier (1890) End of Frontier (1890) Importance of Foreign Trade Importance of Foreign Trade Desire to compete with European empires Desire to compete with European empires Proponents of US Expansion Proponents of US Expansion –Adm. Alfred T. Mahan - The Influence of Sea Power upon History (1890) –Josiah Strong - Our Country –Josiah Strong - Our Country (“brother’s keepers) US started to produce more than it could consume New colonial markets were needed to expand economy Businessmen upset about Panic of ‘93 began to invest overseas increasing total national exports from $392 million in 1870 to $1.4 billion in 1900

The Opening of Japan Trade with Asia would help US Trade with Asia would help US Japanese leaders wanted to be isolated. Japanese leaders wanted to be isolated. President Pierce orders Commodore Perry to Japan President Pierce orders Commodore Perry to Japan Japan accepted trade agreement (forced?) Japan accepted trade agreement (forced?) Japan begins to change Japan begins to change

Acquiring Hawaii American missionaries (1820) American missionaries (1820) Americans planters and the sugar trade Americans planters and the sugar trade Hawaiian sugar exempted from tariffs (1875) Hawaiian sugar exempted from tariffs (1875) Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor “Bayonet Constitution” (1887) “Bayonet Constitution” (1887)

Acquiring Hawaii cont. McKinley Tariff (Tax on all non-US sugar imported) McKinley Tariff (Tax on all non-US sugar imported) Queen Liluokalani Queen Liluokalani A New Hawaiian Constitution? A New Hawaiian Constitution? Annexationists revolt (land owners) Annexationists revolt (land owners) “The Hawaiian pear is now fully ripe and this is the golden hour for the U.S. to pluck it.” American Minister to Hawaii American Minister to Hawaii

A Modern Navy U.S. become more involved in World Affairs U.S. become more involved in World Affairs Risk of War Risk of War Impact of Admiral Mahan Impact of Admiral Mahan The U.S. in 1890 The U.S. in 1890