Introducing Human Evolution Biology 3.7 AS90719 ‘Describing trends in human evolution’ Externally assessed (3 credits) 30 th August, 2011 Miss Macfie

KWL Chart K = what you already know W = what you want to know L = what you have learnt (filled out at the end of a unit)

Glossary (AS 90719) Evolution refers to the permanent genetic change in a population. Natural selection is the biological force behind evolution. It is the process in which heritable (‘able to be passed on to offspring’) traits that make it more likely for an organism to survive long enough to reproduce become more common over successive generations of a population.

Glossary (AS 90719) continued…. Population is a group of organisms of one species living in the same geographic area (for e.g., all of the deer in the Tararua Ranges). MYA million years ago Savannah Hot seasonally dry grassland Bipedalism habitually walking upright, on two legs. Quadrupedal habitually walking on four limbs.

31/8/11 Learning intention: to be able to describe the difference between hominids and hominins.

Reading p223 and p224 Biology Workbook (10-15 minutes) After reading p223 & p224 of your work book use the sheet ‘Hominins vs Hominids’ to fill out the following details: -Definition -Example -Characteristics -Importance

Hominid Hominin Phylogenetic (p179) Arboreal Primates Divergence (p224) Ape Selection pressures Sexual dimorphism Update your glossary Helpful hints: discuss with each other until you agree on a definition and or use your text book

1/9/11 Learning intention: to gain an understanding of skeletal changes that have assisted bipedalism.

Skeletal changes that have assisted bipedalism location of the foramen magnum size and shape of the pelvis angle of the femur (thigh bone) from the hip

Today we are: Finishing up section on bipedalism

Exit and reflect Name a skeletal change that has assisted bipedalism In your answer include: -the name of the skeletal feature -Explain how it has assisted bipedalism Starter frame could be: “ A skeletal change that has assisted the transition to bipedalism is…….”

6/9/11 Today we are learning: How the morphology of teeth, jaw, brain size and skull has changed during the evolution of our species

Use your work book to figure out the definition of the below terms (please add to your glossary – you can draw examples if it’s easier) Dentition, Cranial, Diastema, brow ridges, saggital crest, homo erectus, homo habilis, Australopithecus africanus, morphological, wernicke’s area, broca’s area, parietal lobe, frontal lobe, cerebal cortex, cerebellum

6/9/11 Today we are learning: What cultural evolution is and how the findings in this area benefit our understanding of human evolution.

Glossary (AS 90719) continued… Research and define the below terms (add them to your glossary). Provide at least one example for each. Biological evolution page 75 (revision booklet) Cultural evolution page 243 (Biology workbook).

Please add to your glossary Palaeolithic or the “stone age” era ran between approx 2.6 mya and 10,000 years ago. This era is further broken down into -Lower Paleolithic (2.6 mya - 100,000 ya) -Middle Paleolithic (300,000 – 30,000 ya) -Upper Paleolithic (50,000 to 10,000 ya) Abstract thought (a simple definition) reasoning: thinking that is coherent and logical.

Pick the cultural aspect you want to focus on to make your poster 1.Tools p (WB), p78-79 (revision book) + handout 2.Fire p244 (workbook), p79 (revision book) + handout 3.Shelter and clothing p248 (WB), p79 (revision book) + handout 4.Food-gathering p248 (WB), p79 (revision book) + handout 5.Abstract thought (communication, language, art) p234 & p251 (workbook), p79 (revision book) + handout 6.Domestication of plants and animals p252 (workbook), p79 (revision book) + handout

When was it first thought to have occurred? Provide approximate date.. Could be in general terms of Lower, Middle or Upper Paleolithic) Details of evidence (for example, charred remains of animals for ‘fire’). What was the cultural significance/advantages? (for example, clothing better equipped for weather conditions) Species specific examples (for example, Homo habilis used simple stone tools called ‘Oldowan’) Other interesting facts Depending on the information made available your poster should include the following information: