Chapter 5. Lesson 3 Part 2 p Egypt’s Empires Continued…

Two Unusual Pharaohs Amenhotep IV tried to make dramatic changes Tutankhamen, was very young (King Tut)

A. A Religious Founder 1370 BC a new pharaoh Amenhotep IV and wife, Nefertiti tried to change Egypt’s religion from being polytheistic to being monotheistic – worship of one god –Feared priests were becoming too powerful –Felt threatened by their power –Wanted to lesson the priests’ authority –Removed priests, closed temples and changed his name to Akhenaton (meaning “Spirit of Aton” –Moved the capital to a city north of Thebes called Akhetaton. –Started a new religion Declared the worship one god, Aton, the sun god Religion was rejected by most Weakened Egypt Lost most of land in western Asia to invaders Caused unrest and Egypt lost land and power

Who was “King Tut”? P. 125 King Tutankhamen –When Akhenaton died about 1360 BC his son, Tutankhamen, became pharaoh at 10 years old –Relied on the advice from priests and bureaucrats to rule Egypt. –Restored polytheistic religion of many deities –Rule ended after only 9 years –Died unexpectedly - History Teachers King Tut (3 mins)

King Tut’s Tomb p. 126 Tomb discovered in 1922 By Howard Carter Contained the pharaoh’s mummy and many treasures including a gold mask of his face

Progress check p. 126 Why did Amenhotep IV’s empire fall? Why are Akhenaton and Tutankhamen considered unusual pharaohs?

Recovery and Decline Ramses II –Most successful of pharaohs –Also called Ramses the Great –Conquered Canaan –Fought the Hittites –Ramses and the Hittite King signed a peace treaty

Age of Temples Ramses reigned 66 years devoted himself to peaceful activities Built the temple of Karnak

Why Did Egypt Decline? After Ramses died, Egypt decline and fall Pharaohs fought costly wars Armies from eastern Mediterranean attacked Egypt In the 900’s BC, Libyans conquered Egypt Then, the people of Kush seized power Finally In 670 B.C. taken over by the Assyrians from Mesopotamia

Progress check p. 127 What were the accomplishments of Ramses II?

Lesson 3 Review p. 127 #1-7 Complete 1-7 #7 must cite evidence after answering the question Read pp. 125 – 127 to fill out this part on your notes From home -- You can check your answers when you click on this ppt on my website – it will be on the last slide

HatshepsutAmenhotep IV King Tut Ramses II (Ramses the Great) was the 1 st wife of Thutmose II. When he died, she declared herself pharaoh. In order to gain acceptance she dressed as a man, even wearing a fake beard. was responsible for building magnificent temples and increasing trade. During her reign, Egypt traded with Arabia and other parts of Africa. was more interested in promoting trade that starting wars 1370 BC Married to Nefertiti Wanted to start a new religion and lesson the priests’ authority Declared Aton, sun god, to be the only god Removed priests, closed temples and changed his name to Akhenaton Caused unrest and Egypt lost land and power was the son of Adhenaton Became pharaoh at age of 10 Restored worship of many gods His uncle ruled for him Died at 18, still not sure cause of death Howard Carter found his tomb in 1922 Contained gold mask and many other artifacts Artifacts gave us wealth of knowledge about Egyptians 1279 BC 1213 BC One of longest ruling pharaohs Conquered land Maintained peace and trade Built temples including Temple of Karnak Pharaoh that refused to let the Hebrews go