Three-Dimensionality of the Seafloor stevedeneef.photoshelter.com blog.thesietch.org flowergarden.noaa.gov.

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Presentation transcript:

Three-Dimensionality of the Seafloor stevedeneef.photoshelter.com blog.thesietch.org flowergarden.noaa.gov

Destructive Fishing Methods Bottom trawling Dredging Dynamite fishing Traps

Bottom Trawling Occurs from subpolar to tropical latitudes Occurs in public waters Few scientific studies (but increasing) Time of recovery to original structure – years to centuries

Bottom Trawling Bottom Trawling Info How a Trawl Works Trawling on a Non-vegetated Bottom Trawling in Seagrass

Effects of scallop dredging on a gravel bottom: George’s Bank: 84 m depth Un-fished area Fished area 500 m away

Effects of Trawling Homogenizes sediments; eliminates microtopography; overturns, moves, and buries boulders and cobbles; leaves long-lasting grooves Crushes and buries some infauna, exposes others Removes, damages or displaces most structure- forming species Eliminates most late-successional species Releases large pulses of carbon

Similarities with Clear-cutting Both activities: Remove large amounts of biomass from the ecosystem Alter the substratum Eliminate late successional species Release large pulses of carbon to the overlying air or water nefc1.org savethedeepsea.blogspot.com

Frequency of trawling in some representative areas

Trawling and Bycatch

Bycatch by Gear Type

TEDs and BRDs

Dredging hatchery.hpl.umces.edu

Dredging Oyster Dredging in WA State

Dynamite fishing Jacques Cousteau video Dynamite fishing - humans and sharks react Widespread in Southeast Asia, the Aegean Sea, and coastal Africa

Trap and Pot Fishing Used for lobsters, crabs, fish Wide range in size of traps

 Habitat degradation in trap fisheries: Damage to sessile benthic fauna/flora during placement, fishing, and hauling