H OW DO THESE FACTORS INFLUENCE HOUSING ? 1. Cultural influences (p.51-53) 2. Societal influences (p.53-58) 3. Environmental influences (p ) 4. Economic influences (p.61-62) 5. Technological influences (p.62-65) 6. Governmental influences (p.65-70)

O BJECTIVE 1.02: S UMMARIZE FACTORS TO CONSIDER W HEN C HOOSING A PLACE TO LIVE

C ULTURAL I NFLUENCES ON H OUSING Culture is the combination of all customs, beliefs, and traits of a group of people. Culture in turn influences housing. Wampanoag’s wetuHome of Plymouth settler

D UTCH C OLONIAL

F RENCH P ROVINCIAL

W HY DO WE PUT SHUTTERS ON HOUSES ?

S OCIETAL I NFLUENCES ON H OUSING Household size – families are smaller More blended and extended families Population is aging – more senior adults.

Cost of housing has risen faster than incomes. Often requires dual- incomes to afford a home More time working means less leisure time for families More people are telecommuting Society is more mobile.

E NVIRONMENTAL I NFLUENCES ON H OUSING Environment includes conditions, places, objects and people around you. People adapt housing to their environments and also manipulate the environment to their housing Housing deals with 3 types of environments. Natural Constructed Behavioral

Natural environment: includes land, water, trees, and climate.

Constructed environment includes the natural environment after it has been changed by humans (building a structure that has heating, cooling, landscaping, etc).

F ALLINGWATER DESIGNED BY F RANK L LOYD W RIGHT

Fallingwater is located in southwest Pennsylvania’s Laurel Highlands 90 minutes from downtown Pittsburgh The main house 5,330 square feet (2885 sq. ft. interior; 2445 sq. ft. terraces) constructed , followed by the guest house construction in 1939 (1,700 square feet) Final cost: $155,000 (Included $8,000 architect’s fees, and $4,500 for installed walnut furnishings) is the equivalent of approximately $2.4 million in 2009 Restoration in 2002 was reported at $11.4 million.

Behavioral environment is an area created for human interaction (schools, churches, malls, stores).

E CONOMIC I NFLUENCES ON H OUSING Whether or not a family can purchase a home or the type of home purchased depends upon: Unemployment Interest rates for homes Inflation The cost of living.

T ECHNOLOGICAL I NFLUENCES ON H OUSING Technology continues to invent new and better ways of meeting human needs Media rooms/home theaters Can select a home through a virtual tour Can order groceries through a computer on your refrigerator Design a home using CADD (computer aided drafting and design).

G OVERNMENTAL I NFLUENCE ON H OUSING Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Provides decent, sanitary housing for low income families.

HUD US Department of Housing and Urban Development Mission is to promote a decent, safe, and sanitary living environment for all Americans.

EPA Environmental Protection Agency Safeguards the natural environment.

CPSC Consumer Product Safety Commission Makes sure all products in a home are safe.

BUILDING CODES Minimum standards for materials and construction methods

ZONING REGULATIONS Controls land use Specifies the type of buildings and activities that are permitted in a certain area.

O NE MORE ….. ADA Americans with Disabilities Act Requires that all people must be considered equally in the design or redesign of public structures.

E ACH OF THESE ENVIRONMENTS INTERACTS WITH AND AFFECTS THE OTHER. H OW ? W ORK WITH YOUR TABLE GROUP AND DECIDE ON AN EXAMPLE.

V IDEO : “W HAT IS A H OUSE ?” D IVIDE A PIECE OF PAPER INTO 6 SECTIONS AND LABEL ACCORDING TO THE LIST BELOW. W RITE ONE THING YOU LEARN FROM THE VIDEO ABOUT EACH AREA OF INFLUENCE ON HOUSING. 1. Cultural influences 2. Societal influences 3. Environmental influences 4. Economic influences 5. Technological influences 6. Governmental influences