Do Now: We all know that we cannot live on other planets, but why? What makes Earth so unique that we can live on it?
Pre-Assessment 1.How does weather affect soil? 2.How does weather affect you? 3.What is the difference between weather and climate? 4.What are the layers of the atmosphere? 1.How does weather affect soil? 2.How does weather affect you? 3.What is the difference between weather and climate? 4.What are the layers of the atmosphere?
Aim: How does our atmoshere impact our climate and weather?
Previously… We discussed Earth’s internal structure & function as well as Earth’s soil formation and the importance of not degrading this natural resource. Now we will discuss the outer layers of Earth and how they help keep us safe! We discussed Earth’s internal structure & function as well as Earth’s soil formation and the importance of not degrading this natural resource. Now we will discuss the outer layers of Earth and how they help keep us safe!
Composition of the Atmosphere: FHas changed a lot over 4.6 billion years. FStarted from gases emitted from volcanoes. FOxygen began accumulating 2.5 billion years ago. FHas changed a lot over 4.6 billion years. FStarted from gases emitted from volcanoes. FOxygen began accumulating 2.5 billion years ago.
Composition of Air FNitrogen and Oxygen most abundant. FVaries from time to time and place to place. FEx: rush hour and near factories and airports. FNitrogen and Oxygen most abundant. FVaries from time to time and place to place. FEx: rush hour and near factories and airports.
Our Atmosphere is a layer of gases held close to the earth by the force of gravity. FYI: The farther you are from the center of Earth, the weaker gravity’s force is on you is a layer of gases held close to the earth by the force of gravity. FYI: The farther you are from the center of Earth, the weaker gravity’s force is on you
Layers of the atmosphere FThere are 4 layers in the atmosphere FThey are the troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and stratosphere FThere are 4 layers in the atmosphere FThey are the troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and stratosphere
Question F Why do you think the temperature falls and rises twice, going from lower to higher altitudes?
Troposphere F10-20 km (5-10 miles up) FWhere all the weather we experience occurs FContains most of the atmospheric water vapor & clouds FLocation of greenhouse gases which trap (absorb) radiation from the sun warming our surface FBecomes colder with an increase in altitude F10-20 km (5-10 miles up) FWhere all the weather we experience occurs FContains most of the atmospheric water vapor & clouds FLocation of greenhouse gases which trap (absorb) radiation from the sun warming our surface FBecomes colder with an increase in altitude
Composition of the Atmosphere: ESRT All other gasses: CO 2, Ar, Methane etc
Troposphere Composition F78% N 2 F20% O 2 F Less than 2% F Water vapor (0.1-4%) F Argon gas (1%) F Carbon Dioxide (0.04%) F Trace gases F78% N 2 F20% O 2 F Less than 2% F Water vapor (0.1-4%) F Argon gas (1%) F Carbon Dioxide (0.04%) F Trace gases
Pause… FWhy do you think most of the planets air is in the troposphere?
Stratosphere F contains the Ozone Shield 17–26 km (10– 16 mi) above sea level resulting in temp. increasing with height F no precipitation F contains the Ozone Shield 17–26 km (10– 16 mi) above sea level resulting in temp. increasing with height F no precipitation
Ozone layer/shield F Ozone (O 3 ) absorbs most of the UV radiation from the sun and filters its rays F This UV absorbtion causes it to heat up the part of the stratophere that’s closer to the sun (farthest from Earth) F Ozone (O 3 ) absorbs most of the UV radiation from the sun and filters its rays F This UV absorbtion causes it to heat up the part of the stratophere that’s closer to the sun (farthest from Earth)
Mesosphere FExtends about 80km above Earth’s surface FArea where meteors are usually burnt up FExtends about 80km above Earth’s surface FArea where meteors are usually burnt up
Thermosphere (Ionosphere) Fis the thinnest gas layer located 110km above Earth FSpace shuttle orbits here FFYI: Called ionosphere b/c of ionization that takes place Fabsorbs the solar wind (energetic photons from the sun) FEx: Aurora Borealis Freflects long distance radio waves making long distance radio communication possible Fis the thinnest gas layer located 110km above Earth FSpace shuttle orbits here FFYI: Called ionosphere b/c of ionization that takes place Fabsorbs the solar wind (energetic photons from the sun) FEx: Aurora Borealis Freflects long distance radio waves making long distance radio communication possible
Frequency Waves Passing Through the Atmosphere
The aurora borealis occurs in which of the following parts of the atmosphere? A.Troposphere B.Thermosphere C.Mesosphere D.Hydrosphere E.Stratosphere A.Troposphere B.Thermosphere C.Mesosphere D.Hydrosphere E.Stratosphere
FB Thermosphere (ionosphere)
Which of the following are the two most important factors in determining a habitat’s climate? A.Temperature/wind speed B.Wind direction/precipitation C.Wind speed/rate of evaporation D.Rate of evaporation/temperature E.Temperature/precipitation A.Temperature/wind speed B.Wind direction/precipitation C.Wind speed/rate of evaporation D.Rate of evaporation/temperature E.Temperature/precipitation
FE) Average Temperature & Average Precipitation
The atmosphere is warmed as gases such as water vapor and carbon dioxide absorb the infared heat radiated from the earth. This process is best described as A.Ozone depletion B.The green house effect C.Biomagnification D.Ionization E.Convection A.Ozone depletion B.The green house effect C.Biomagnification D.Ionization E.Convection
FB= As the sun’s light passes through the atmosphere it strikes the solid earth. The earth with its soil, water, buildings, asphalt and concrete absorb this radiant energy. This energy is then radiated back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation. This radiation can be reflected back into the atmosphere (the greenhouse effect) or pass back into space
Summary FHow do we impact the atmosphere? Positive and/or negative impacts.