“Literature is as old as speech. It grew out of human need for it, and it has not changed except to become more needed.” John Steinbeck, Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech, 1962
John Steinbeck
Early Life Born in Salinas, California, 1902 Parents were John Steinbeck, Sr. and Olive Steinbeck Mother, a former schoolteacher, fostered Steinbeck’s love of reading
Worked on California ranches during summers; impressions of California people and land Attended Stanford University Studied English, then independent study Did not earn degree
Career Left Stanford for New York to write Unsuccessful; returned to CA after a few years
Held odd jobs: –journalist –laborer on construction of Madison Square Garden –fruit picker –caretaker of Lake Tahoe estate
Writings First three novels were unsuccessful: –Cup of Gold, 1929 –Pastures of Heaven, 1932 –To a God Unknown, 1933
Tortilla Flat, 1935 –first success –focuses on unemployed drifters of Monterey, CA In Dubious Battle, 1936 –deals with strikes of CA migratory workers –drew critics’ anger
Of Mice and Men, 1937 The Grapes of Wrath, 1939 –Pulitzer Prize winner –story of Oklahoma tenant farmers who move to California, become migrant workers
Other works: The Red Pony The Pearl Cannery Row East of Eden The Winter of Our Discontent
Nobel Prize for Literature, 1962 –highest honor a writer can earn
Steinbeck died in New York City, 1968