Prattville High School Chapter 21 Study Guide

1 Who is Robert M. La Follette? Wisconsin senator who ran against Democratic and Republican nominees for president in 1924.

2 What was the Teapot Dome scandal? When President Harding’s secretary of the interior, Albert B. Fall, secretly allowed private interests to lease lands containing U.S. Navy oil reserves, causing a scandal.

3 What were the “Roaring Twenties”? The booming, materialistic era that contrasted with President Coolidge’s simple and frugal manner.

4 Who were the “Ohio Gang”? Friends of President Harding who were given presidential appointments once Harding got into office.

5 Who set requirements that workers employed by Henry Ford had to meet? Sociological Department

6 What was the Kelly Act? Authorized postal officials to contract with private airplane operators to carry mail.

7 What was the Washington Conference? When the United States invited representatives from eight countries to discuss disarmament.

8 What was the goal of the Kellogg-Briand Pact? It was an attempt to outlaw war.

9 What was President Harding’s campaign slogan? Return to normalcy

10 Who established a permanent network of radio stations to distribute daily programs? National Broadcasting Company

11 What is isolationism? A national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs

12 What is the term for freedom from prosecution? Immunity

13 What was the Fordney-McCumber Act? Raised tariffs in an effort to protect American industry from foreign competition.

14 What did the Nine-Power Treaty do? It guaranteed China’s independence.

15 Who was Harlan Fiske Stone? Dean of the Columbia Law School chosen as attorney general by President Coolidge.

16 What is the large-scale product manufacturing usually by machinery called? Mass production.

17 What is a moratorium? A pause.

18 Who was President Harding’s secretary of commerce? Herbert Hoover

19 What system of manufacturing adopted by Henry Ford divided operations into simple tasks that unskilled workers could do and cut unnecessary motion to a minimum? Assembly Line

20 Why was the General Accounting Office set up in 1921? To track government spending.

21 What was President Coolidge’s philosophy of government? He believed that government should interfere with business and industry as little as possible and that prosperity rested on the shoulders of business leadership.

22 What did manufacturers turn to in order to create consumers for their new products? Advertising.

23 What did the Four-Power Treaty between the United States, Japan, France, and Britain do? Recognized each country’s island possessions in the Pacific.

24 How did President Harding get into power? He fit in comfortably with the powerful Ohio Republican political machine.

25 Who did Henry Ford almost single-handedly change the auto from a toy of the wealthy to an affordable necessity for? The middle class.

26 Who was the chief architect of economic policy in the United States during the 1920’s? Andrew Mellon

27 In 1926, the aviation industry received federal aid for building airports with the passage of what act? The Air Commerce Act.

28 What crippled the German economy? Reparation payments.

29 What did the consumer goods industry create many new products for? The home.

30 Herbert Hoover sought to provide economic stability in various industries by trying to balance government regulation with his own philosophy of what? His philosophy of cooperative individualism.