Study of physics at the University of Leipzig (1963 – 1968 )

1967: Start of a phd thesis at the Academy of Sciences in Berlin (Prof. Treder) (on Gravity)

November 1967: Travel to Bulgaria (Sofia, Varna) Study of the coast near Varna and of the security systems near the coast

W. Ulbricht (prime minister of East Germany):

March 1968: Decision of the parlament (Volkskammer) Protest by Westgerman chancellor Kiesinger and by the American president Johnson. May 1968: Preparations for the destruction of the Pauliner church May 30: Destruction

June 1968: Preparation of a protest action by me and a friend June 20, 1968: A big transparent, showing the Pauliner church and requesting reconstruction, was displayed by an automatic clock at the final concert of the Bach festival in Leipzig, in the presence of the government and of many TV teams. I was in the concert.

Ulbricht gave a special order to the STASI (security police) to find the originators of the transparent

July 22, about 6 am: Encounter with a Russian war ship. They passed us in a distance of about 300 m, but did not see our kayak.

Turkish soldiers observed our arrival. We were brought to an army camp. Next morning: interrogations by an army officer ( in German) Later transport to Kirklareli (capital of European part of Turkey)

Next day: Interrogations again. Transport to Istanbul. Hotel, where the room was guarded by a soldier. Interrogations in the police headquarter.

Two days later: We escaped from the hotel and went by taxi to the German consulate. The consul helped us and gave us shelter in the consulate. Interrogations with Turkish security officers in the next days.

July 29, 1968: Flight from Istanbul to Munich I went to Prof. Heisenberg at the MPI and obtained a scholarship as a phd. student.

September 1968 – Sept. 1970: phd. Student in Munich Sept. 1970: Invitation by SLAC Meeting with Gell-Mann in Aspen Start of a collaboration with M. Gell-Mann

Sept. 1971: Fellowship at CERN Collaboration with Gell-Mann at CERN Sept. 1972: Move to Pasadena (Caltech) March 1976: Return to CERN

1978: Professor at the University of Bern May 1980: Chair at the Univ. of Munich

I declined, but agreed to be a close advisor on the problems of unification ( 1990 – 1993). I worked on the reform of the academic system in the East (universities, academy of science, e.g. Institute Zeuthen => DESY)

Cosmic Accidents? Determined by Dynamics? Changing in Time?

Sommerfeld, 1916……… Pauli (1958): Nr 137, Zürich L. Lederman, 137 Eola Road Feynman: 137–how little we know

Nucleon Mass in limit of vanishing quark masses: const. calculable, but large errors at present. Exp: MeV Exp: MeV

6 Constants for stable matter  Atoms, Nuclei

G Constants in theStandard Model

Time variation of natural constants?Time variation of natural constants? Observation of fine structure of atomic levels Quasars 5-7 billion years back

Fine structure of Fe, Ni, Mg, Sn, A - Quasars, back to 11 bn years in time (challenged by Reimers, Chile, investigating only one quasar)

SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1)<SO(10) (Fritzsch - Minkowski, Georgi : 1975)

O(10)

Can this be tested by experiments?

Time: measured by Cesium clocks Hyperfine transition, involving the magnetic moment of the cesium nucleus. Would be affected by time change of QCD scale

Comparison Cs- clock Hydrogen clock Difference: 3 CS oscillations per day Experiment at MPQ Munich and NIST Boulder

MPQ-Experiment 486 nm dye laser in hydrogen spectrometer Reference: cesium clock Pharao LPTF Paris Hydrogen: 1s-2s transition (18) Hz

Expected in simplest model: about 10 times more Measurement:

Partial cancellation? Indication for effect in the new exp. at MPQ:

If true: All masses of atomic nuclei will depend on cosmic time!