Diversity Of Life. Characteristics of Living Things Living things are made of cells. Living things obtain and use energy. Living things grow and develop.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Classifying Organisms
Advertisements

Classification.
TAXONOMY The Science of Classifying Organisms. Why do we need to classify? Imagine a store…..how do you know where to find the milk or the cereal? Are.
TAXONOMY The Science of Classifying Organisms. Photo Credits Sea Lion: Bill Lim Ant Lion: Amphioxus Lion: law_keven Sea Lion? Antlion? Lion?
Classification of Living Things
Chapter 18 Classification. Taxonomy - the science of classifying organisms and giving them a universally accepted name.
Classification S7L1a: Students will be able to compare organisms by similar and dissimilar characteristics. S7L1b: Students will be able to classify organisms.
Classification & Dichotomous Key
The Science of Classifying Organisms
Phylogeny Systematics Hypothesis Cladistics Derived character
TAXONOMY The Science of Classifying Organisms. Why do we need to classify? Imagine a store…..how do you know where to find the milk or the cereal? Are.
Organizing Life’s Diversity Classification Part 1.
Taxonomy What’s in a name? 1. Taxonomy  The science of classifying and naming organisms 2.
11/1/11-Pick up your book. All current event projects must be turned in BEFORE the bell rings in the plastic bin. Projects turned in after the bell rings.
ORGANIZING LIFE’S DIVERSITY
Classification Chapter 9.
The Science of Classifying Organisms
Classification of Living Things
Classification Notes. Scientists classify organisms based upon similarities.
Classifying Living Things
CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS. LEARNING GOALS: By the end of class, I will be able to:  Explain how organisms are classified  Explain traditional and modern.
Introduction to Taxonomy. Why Classify? To study the diversity of life, biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical.
Classification System Learning Target: I will be able to classify organisms using external structures and behaviors 01/15/2013 Lab book pages
Classification of Organisms
Chapter 14 Notes Why Classify? Categories of Biological Classification: 1. Why Classify? –Eliminate confusion –Organize information –Reveal Evolutionary.
Puma concolor. Chapter 2 Classification 1 Classification means organizing living things into groups based on their similarities. 2 Scientists classify.
Notes - Classification
Introduction to Taxonomy
TAXONOMY The Science of Classifying Organisms. Why do we need to classify? When you have a lot of information, it is best to organize and group items.
Diversity in Biology Organising Diversity.
The Science of Classifying Organisms
Classification and Taxonomy. Basics of Classification Classification – the division of organisms into groups (classes) based on specific characteristics.
LG 5 Classification Scientific Names Two-Word System – Binomial Nomenclature – Linnaeus’s System of Classification Carolus Linnaeus – Hierarchy of Classification.
Sorting It All Out Classification of Organisms. Classification Classification is putting things into orderly groups based on similar characteristics.
Classification. Why do Scientists Classify? The process of grouping things based on their similarities is classification. Biologists classify so that.
Classification Chapter 2 Section 2 Why Do Scientists Classify? Classification – process of grouping things based on their similarities Biologists use.
Taxonomy and Classification Classify = group ideas, information, or objects based on similarities.
Classification/Taxonomy Chapter 18. Why Classify? Why Classify?
Classifying the Diversity of Organisms TEK 8A: Define taxonomy and recognize the importance of a standardized taxonomic system to the scientific community.
TAXONOMY The Science of Classifying Organisms When you have a lot of information, it is best to organize and group items so that you can find them easier.
17.1 Notes Classification. Classification Notes outline A. Classification Why? Taxonomy Aristotle Linnaeus B. Naming organisms common name scientific.
Classification Notes. Taxonomy Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms Biologists organize livings.
Chapter 2.2 Classifying Organisms. POINT > Define prokaryote and eukaryote POINT > Explain why and how we classify things POINT > Define taxonomy and.
ORGANIZING LIFE’S DIVERSITY Chapter 17 Classification.
Finding Order in Diversity Classification. Why do we need to classify? Imagine a store…..how do you know where to find the milk or the cereal? Are they.
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The Science of Classifying Organisms
P Puma What is unique about these pictures? Ghost Cat Devil Cat
Classification of Living Things
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The Science of Naming and Classifying Organisms
Classification and Diversity of Life
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The Science of Classifying Organisms
Journal How does the misuse of antibiotics affect the evolution of disease-causing bacteria? Use the theory of natural selection to explain the growing.
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The Science of Classifying Organisms
The 6 Kingdoms – Diversity of Living Things
Puma concolor.
The Science of Classifying Organisms
Classification.
UNIT 2: MICROBIOLOGY 2.1 Taxonomy Objectives:
What are scientific names? How are organisms classified?
Taxonomy.
Presentation transcript:

Diversity Of Life

Characteristics of Living Things Living things are made of cells. Living things obtain and use energy. Living things grow and develop. Living things reproduce. Living things respond to their environment. Living things adapt to their environment.

TAXONOMY The Science of Classifying Organisms

Why do we need to classify?

When you have a lot of information, it is best to organize and group items so that you can find them easier or easily see their relationship to other items ….this is why we CLASSIFY Even websites must organize their products

Scientists also need a way to *NAME* organisms The “common names” used by people can sometimes be misleading or confusing In order to communicate effectively, biologists need a CONSISTENT naming protocol. *Check out these slides of confusing names…..

Photo Credits Sea Lion: Bill Lim Ant Lion: Amphioxus Lion: law_keven Sea Lion? Antlion? Lion?

Which one of these is NOT actually a bear? Photo Credits Panda: Chi King Koala: Belgianchocolate Black Bear: SparkyLeigh

What kind of organism is it? Photo Credit: Audringje; flickr Sea Horse

What kind of organism is it? Sea Monkey

What kind of organism is it? Spider Monkey

Consider this……….. Grey wolves can be white, black and any shade of gray. Are all “Grey Wolves” gray? Are all “Black Bears” black? Black bears can also be brown or gray Which is more venomous – a water moccasin or a cottonmouth? A cottonmouth and a water moccasin are the same animal – the names vary by region.

Naming and Organizing are part of the same process The system was developed by Carolus Linnaeus who used Greek and Latin names for organisms He also created a system where we place all organisms into a few *large* groups - KINGDOMS - and then those groups are further divided into smaller groups

Grouping Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Each group gets smaller and more specific – just think of the way you file things on your computer into folders and subfolders

To help you remember the list DEAR KING PHILIP CAME OVER FOR GREAT SOUP Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Humans KingdomAnimalia PhylumChordata ClassMammalia OrderPrimate FamilyHominidae GenusHomo Speciessapiens The scientific name is always the genus + species Humans = Homo sapiens Photo by atomicshark

What are the scientific names of each of these organisms? Which two are most closely related?

Naming Organisms The system of naming is called BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE - which means it is a 2-name system. A common naming system allows relationships to be seen between organisms

More on Naming.. Scientific names must either be underlined or italicized The genus is always capitalized, the species is lowercase Can be abbreviated. Ex. P. leo and P. tigris

What is a species? Defined as organisms that can interbreed with on another, and produce fertile offspringe

Check for Understanding 1. Fill in the blanks: _____, Kingdom, _____, Class, Order, _____, Genus, _____ 2. Which two groups are used for an organism's scientific name? 3. Which of the following pairs is MOST closely related? Acer rubrum & Acer saccharum Acer rubrum & Chenopodium rubrum 4. The system we use for naming is called ____________ nomenclature. 5. The science of classification is called ________________

Three Domain System Domain Eukarya - includes organisms composed of eukaryotic cells (plants, animals, fungi, protists) Domain Bacteria - includes only prokaryotic cells, Kingdom Eubacteria (true bacteria) Domain Archaea - includes only prokaryotic cells, Kingdom Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria)

The Kingdoms There are currently 6 kingdoms – all life can be placed into one of those 6. Classification into a kingdom is based on observable criteria o Number of cells o How it obtains energy o Type of cell

Review Questions Why do scientists classify organisms? What are the names of the successively smaller divisions of the classification system designed by Linneaus? Which two divisions do we use for scientific naming? How many Domains are there? Which types of cells will you find in each Domain? How many Kingdoms are there?

Dichotomous Keys

Dichotomous Key Dichotomous key means – dividing sharply in two distinct groups Scientists use this method to sort organisms by like traits This system allows us to recognize relatedness

Martin Sally Robert Elizabeth Mary-lou Gregory

Example Questions Is the person a man? Does the person have brown hair? Does the person wear glasses? Does the person have blond hair? Does the person have blue eyes?

Dichotomous Keys can be either a flow chart, or a table of questions.

Reading a Dichotomous Key Start at the top of the table, or the flow chart Answer the questions about the selected organism until you reach a name Repeat with successive organisms as required

Using the key provided, identify each of the following fish

Make your Own Dichotomous Key Proceed to the lab There are flowers placed around the lab with common names Create your own key that can be used to identify each of these flowers