Genetics DNA and Chromosomes. DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid –D–Double Helix Shape –(–(Twisted Ladder) Genetic code – –I–Instruction manual.

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Presentation transcript:

Genetics DNA and Chromosomes

DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid –D–Double Helix Shape –(–(Twisted Ladder) Genetic code – –I–Instruction manual

Nucleotides DNA is a repeating sequence of nucleotides Nucleotides contain Phosphate Sugar Base

DNA Structure Base Pairs Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine

DNA and Chromosomes DNA is wound into tight coils which form chromosomes. Genes - sections of chromosomes that code for a characteristic or protein.

Chromosomes Humans have 46 different chromosomes. 23 homologous pairs

Inheritance of Chromosomes 23 homologous pairs 23 from Mum and 23 from Dad. Including 2 sex chromosomes XX – female XY - male

Genes and Alleles Genes - Sections of Chromosomes that code for a particular protein or characteristic are eg. Eye colour.

Alleles Alleles – Different versions of genes eg. Blue eyes, brown eyes. Humans have 2 alleles of each gene as we have 2 copies of each chromosome.

More to come