1. What major bodies of water surround Europe? 2. What type of landform is Europe?

Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsulas? Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsulas? OROR A Peninsula of Asia?

Europe: An Asian Peninsula?

 Often referred to as a “peninsula of Peninsulas”  Why are peninsulas important?  Sea travel, trade and exploration are all part of Europe’s History

Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Ural Mountains Mediterranean Sea

 Highest point- >Mt.Blanc (15,781 ft)  Lowest point -> Caspian Sea (92 ft below sea level)

REGIONSREGIONSREGIONSREGIONS REGIONSREGIONSREGIONSREGIONS

 Scandinavian- Norway/Sweden, contain fjords(cut by glaciers)  Iberian- contains Spain/Portugal, Strait of Gibraltar  Balkan- many countries, ethnic wars here in the 1990’s  Italian- Italy  Jutland – Denmark

Europe’s Latitude vs. NA Why isn’t Europe a cold, frozen Tundra like northern Canada?

London (51 o 30’ N) is at approximately the same latitude as Quebec City (51 o 07’ N )

Paris (48 o 51’ N) is at approximately the same latitude as Thunder Bay, Ontario (48 o 28’ N)

3 Major 1. Marine west coast 2. Humid continental 3. Mediterranean “perfect” climate

Norwegian Fjords Fjords Norwegian Fjords Fjords Glaciers cut deep valleys in the ocean during the Ice Age. fjords=> narrow, deep inlets of the sea between high rocky cliffs

 From France’s Atlantic coast to Ural Mtns.  Contains Europe’s Rivers  very fertile, farming for centuries  industry  densely populated

 Created by tectonics, youngest mtns, highest, rugged  Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, & parts of Italy and France  Many passes between  om/watch?v=CnJfIONb JF4 om/watch?v=CnJfIONb JF4

Very rugged, few mountain passes ube.com/watch?v =4j6tXyx35LY

 All are Navigable = deep enough & wide enough for shipping

They use the river in various ways: * Transportation, Hydroelectricity, Irrigation and fishing. * Rivers were used as trade centers- many of which became major cities.

Capitals on the Rivers Paris, right bank of the Seine London on the Thames Budapest on the Danube Rome on the Tiber

The Danube River How many countries does the Danube flow through?

 Along the Elbe  Also in the North & Baltic Seas  Earth is built up into “dikes”  Land behind called “Polders”  Rich farmland  Ex. Tulips

75% of world’s supply from the Netherlands

Amsterdam’s Canals Canals link the rivers to make it possible to travel all throughout areas by BOAT.

English Channel Strait of Gibraltar Between Europe & Africa Between England & France Narrows to 8 miles wide

British Isles – United Kingdom & Ireland Iceland

SicilyMalta Corsica Generally rugged & mountainous.