BM2 Repaso Español 2

1. Capitalization is used when… You write a sentence and after a sentence (ya sea punto seguido o punto aparte). You write names, last names and nicknames. (apodos). You write names of cities, states, nations, continents etc.

2. What is a syllable? a unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word.

3. How is a syllable divided? To divide a word into syllables the following 4 rules must be kept in mind: 1. When a consonant is in between two vowels. Examples: Pe-lo (hair), ca-fé (coffee), co-pa (glass) 2. When there are two consonants in between vowels. Examples: In-ten-so (intense), dan-za (dance)

3. When there are three consonants in between vowels, the two first ones join the preceding vowel and the the third joins the following vowel. Examples: Ins-pirar (inspire), trans-cribir(transcribe) 4. The digraphs: ‘ch,' ‘ll,' and ‘rr' make up a single sound and can't be divided. Examples: Ca-lle (street), co-che (car), le-che (milk), po-llo (chicken)

4. Infinitive verbs + the present tense Infinitives consist of only one word and are separated into three different conjugation sets according to their endings, -AR, -ER, and -IR such as “hablar,” “leer,” and “escribir.” Tip: Look at your endings to help you with this section

5. Functions of a preposition Prepositions are useful tools for joining different words, clauses, or phrases. In Spanish, they can connect nouns to nouns, verbs to verbs, or verbs to nouns/pronouns.

The following examples illustrate how prepositions work in various sentences: Noun to noun: Necesito esa hoja de papel. (I need that piece of paper.) Verb to verb: El niño empieza a reír. (The child begins to laugh.) Verb to noun: Ella estudia con sus amigas. (She studies with her friends.) Verb to pronoun: ¿Qué piensas de ellos? (What do you think about them?)

6. Definite Articles In Spanish, the definite article has 4 forms, depending on whether the noun is masculine, feminine, singular or plural. el gato (the male cat) los gatos (the male cats) la gata (the female cat) las gatas (the female cats)

7. Functions of a Pronoun Pronouns tell us the gender of the noun. Example: La mesa esta sucia.

9. Identifying subjects in a sentence The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something. You can find the subject of a sentence if you can find the verb. Tip: Make sure you know which is the subject of each sentence.