Part 1: Migration LT: I can explain migration patterns in the modern era at a range of scales, local to global. I can explain the characteristics, reasons, and obstacles of migration. HW: Study for units 1 & 2 exam (this Thursday!)

Why do people migrate? Turn and Talk: What might cause your family to have to leave your country? What might cause your family to want to move to another country or state? Answers may possibly include: mom or dad loses job, home is destroyed by natural disaster, lack of money, lack of religious insitutions, etc. mom or dad finds new job, far away family members become ill, better healthcare or education elsewhere, want to be closer to family, better climate, better quality of life, etc.

Why do people migrate? (continued) Push Factors: Why people leave a place (Emigrate) Ex: Loss of jobs, home destroyed by natural disaster, lack of religious institutions, war, lack of money, etc. Pull Factors: Why people come to a place (Immigrate) Ex: Job opportunities, closer to family, better schools and healthcare, better climate, religious freedom.

Three types of Push and Pull Factors: Environmental (the #1 Reason for refugee migration) Economic Political *Most long-distance migrants are young single males. *Percentages of women and children are increasing.

Absorption: The gain of population due to migration over time. Dispersion: The loss of population over time due to migration.

Global Migration Patterns Which countries have the greatest amount of Immigrants? red Which countries have the greatest amount of emigrants? blue #1 Destination

Activity: Ravenstein and Migration

Ernest Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration Who is Ernest Ravenstein? A German-English geographer and cartographer. - Wrote 7 original “Laws” to understand migration.

The 7 Original Laws 1) Most migrants only proceed a short distance, and toward centers of absorption. 2) As migrants move toward absorption centers, they leave "gaps" that are filled up by migrants from more remote districts, creating migration flows that reach to "the most remote corner of the kingdom." 3) The process of dispersion is inverse to that of absorption. 4) Each main current of migration produces a compensating counter-current. 5) Migrants proceeding long distances generally go by preference to one of the great centers of commerce or industry. 6) The natives of towns are less migratory than those of the rural parts of the country. 7) Females are more migratory than males. Pass out law sheet to student reference & “A Migration Story” worksheet.

The 7 Original Laws: easier to understand 1) Most migrant only a short distance 2) If Tim moves from the BURBS to the BIG CITY, this house will be empty. BUT Josephine want to move to the BURBS from the FARM. Gap filled. 3) The process of dispersion also happens/ is opposite to that of absorption. 4) Counter migration occurs. 5) Migrants going long distances generally go to cities 6) People from farming regions are more likely to migrate than those from cities. 7) Females are more migratory than males. (But young males are more likely to leave their home countries) Pass out law sheet to student reference & “A Migration Story” worksheet.

Migrant Story #1 Video: "Philippines: Have Degree, Will Travel" Think about possible push and pull factors What Ravenstein’s law would fit this situation the most?

Your Task: With your partner, read each migration story. 2. Identify the Push factors and the Pull factors. 3. Identify which Ravenstein’s law best fits each scenario.

Now it’s YOUR turn! In your group: Your task is to create and write a migration story of your own! Your story must include push and pull factors. You must also list which Ravenstein’s law your story would be identified with.

Kahoot Unit 2!

Part 2: Migration LT: I can explain migration patterns in the modern era at a range of scales, local to global. - I can explain the characteristics, reasons, and obstacles of migration. - I can explain how the evolution of transportation and communication affects rural, urban, and suburban development.

3.2: Three Main Eras of Immigration 17th & 18th Centuries - Northern & Western Europe and Africa Mid 19th - early 20th Century - Southern & Eastern Europe Late 20th- early 21st Century - Asia and Latin America.

Three Main Eras of Immigration

What obstacles do immigrants face? Documented Immigrants: Immigrants who enter the country legally. Quotas restrict the number of legal immigrants to the U.S. Undocumented Immigrants: Immigrants who enter the country illegally. Primarily in the U.S. to hold jobs that pay more than in their home country.

What obstacles do Immigrants face? Education: Education levels are lower than U.S. average, but higher than their originating countries. Language

Undocumented Immigrants (3.8) Many who cannot enter the US legally enter illegally. Often left working undesirable jobs. Few children are considered undocumented. (born in U.S. = legal/ documented)

Assimilation (cover content here) Kenyan uses native language, working in u.s. test quesiton

Which states have the largest numbers of undocumented immigrants? California and Texas. But, Nevada has the highest percentage of undocumented immigrants. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/12053518/ns/us_news-life/t/americas-illegal-immigrants-who-are-they/

Types of Migration International Migration: Permanent movement from one country to another. Internal Migration: Permanent movement within the same country. Two Types: A. Interregional Migration (3.3) B. Intraregional Migration (3.4)

A. Interregional Migration (3.3) Permanent movement from one region of the country to another. Migration between regions of the United States: Westward movement of the U.S. population Shifting U.S. population center Population Center: The average location of everyone in the country. “center population gravity”

- Migrated West and slightly South of the Mississippi River. U.S. Population Center: - Migrated West and slightly South of the Mississippi River. Shifts in population centers (test question)

Intraregional Migration (3.4) Def: The movement within one region Ex: Moving from cities to suburb or rural areas - Motivator is usually lifestyle reasons vs. jobs Result of transportation technology (cars, trains, buses) Counterurbanization: Net migration from urban to rural areas. lifestyle changes may include: detached housing, better schools, slower pace of life, less traffic, etc.

Intraregional Migration in the United States Migration between cities, suburbs, and non-metropolitan areas in the U.S. in 2010. Nearly twice as many Americans move from central cities to suburbs each year, than move from suburbs to central cities. Same patterns are happening in Canada and Europe.

What areas have the most In-migration? *Intraregional migration has slowed during the early 21st Century as a result of severe depression. What areas have the most In-migration? What areas have the most Out-Migration? Why do you think this is? Test question