1. What was the Beringia Theory? 2. What “stories” did the First Nations believe in? 3. Explain what homogenous and heteregenous cultures mean. 4. What were the Iroquois’s “Three Sisters”? 5. What was a “sachem”? 6. What does the term Confederacy mean? 7. Give at least two points for the “Role of Men” in the Iroquois tribe.

1. What was the Beringia Theory? Land Bridge; Siberia to Alaska 2. What “stories” did the First Nations believe in? Creation Stories 3. Explain what homogenous and heterogeneous cultures mean. Similar vs. Different 4. What were the Iroquois’s “Three Sisters”? CBS 5. What was a “sachem”? Peace Chief 6. What does the term Confederacy mean? The joining/uniting of people “The League of 5 Nations” 7. Give at least two points for the “Role of Men” in the Iroquois tribe. Cleared, Hunted, Built, Warriors

 Matriarchy – each clan was headed by a Clan Mother.  Matrilineal organization women owned the property, and determined kinship - any children became members of mother’s clan  Matrilocal – husband went to live with the wife’s family in their longhouse  Iroquois Confederation Councilmen were called Sachems or “Peace Chiefs” were selected and could be removed by the Clan Mothers.

 You will be responsible for a section in the text.  Take notes and be prepared to share with the class.  Group 1: Environment/Resources/Technology  Group 2: Economic Needs (Food/Shelter)  Group 3: Political Needs  Group 4: Social Needs  Group 5: Spiritual Needs

Territory of the Bison Interior Plains of the southern prairie provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba).

Bands Groups of 80 to 250 people that traveled and hunted together, All tribes had a council of men and women who made decisions. When it was necessary, the council would appoint a Chief (someone who was brave, a good hunter, good decision-maker) to advise the tribe, not to order. Multilineal and Multilocal organization. Blackfoot camp

In mid-summer, the bands came together for the Sun Dance. The major ceremony of the plains people – (nothing to do with the Sun.) The Sun Dance was an emotional experience and an opportunity to arrange marriages and exchange property.

(above) Funneling the Herd – Lewis Parker (right) Over the Jump – Lewis Parker 2 ways of hunting Corralling them into a pound, Running off a cliff called a buffalo jump.

Food! The bison meat made up the main part of the plains peoples’ diet. What is Pemmican? Just about everything was made from the bison. Tipi, Clothing, Bow/Shield, Storage bags, and MORE!

The Blackoot had a nomadic lifestyle and followed the bison across the prairies. The bands had to be able to move quickly and efficiently. Originally used dogs and later used horses

Very portable, Made of bison hide, Property of the woman, The “vision paintings” on the outside were the property of the man.