What is your schema? 1. On a Post-It note write one example of a primary source and one example of a secondary source. P = _______ S = _______ 2. Write your name on the back. 3. Place your Post-It on the Parking Lot poster when done!

Using Primary and Secondary Sources to Effectively Research

Nothing in history happens in a vacuum! When you are researching, it is important to understand the connections between your topic and the time period. Begin reading about the time period and as you read ask yourself questions: Why did my research topic happen at this particular time and in this particular place? What were the events or the influences that came before my research topic? How do each of the seven themes of social studies: history, economics, science & technology, geography, culture, citizenship & government, influence each other with my research topic?

Primary Sources What is it? What is the purpose? Examples: A first-hand, original account, record, or evidence about a person, place, object, or an event. Information about a historical event or period in which the creator of the source was an actual participant What is the purpose? Capture the words, thoughts and the intentions of the past. Help interpret what happened and why it happened. Examples: Documents: newspapers, ledgers, census records, maps, diaries, journals, songs and inventories Artifacts, historic sites, oral histories, objects, photographs

Secondary Source Examples: What is it? What is the purpose? An account, record, or evidence derived from an original or primary source. Was not created first-hand by someone who participated in the historical era. Secondary sources are usually created by historians, but based on the historian's reading of primary sources, and usually created years, decades, or centuries after the event. What is the purpose? Help build the story of your research from multiple perspectives and to give your research historical context Examples: Textbooks, biographies, articles, encyclopedias Wikipedia is an online secondary source (and never recommended for research!)

What It Really Means Rewrite the definitions below in your own words. Source – a person, publication, or object that gives information Primary – not made or coming from something else; original Firsthand – coming directly from the original source Secondary – coming from or created using an original source Secondhand – not original; taken from someone or something else

Primary Source PRIMARY SOURCE first person account documents physical artifacts interviews photographs weather records

Primary? = STAND Secondary? = SIT An actor's diary Primary A textbook on acting Secondary Encyclopedia article about Pearl Harbor Secondary Book about pioneer women Secondary Autobiography of Maya Angelou Primary Biography of Thomas Jefferson Secondary The Constitution Primary Commentary on Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address Secondary Clothes belonging to Martha Washington Primary

Applying the Skill Worksheet P or S _____ 1. a newspaper article _____ 2. a private journal _____ 3. a biography _____ 4. a political cartoon _____ 5. a woven Asian tapestry _____ 6. a textbook on the history of Asia _____ 7. a photograph of a family vacation _____ 8. a magazine article on the history of Texas _____ 9. an autobiography _____ 10. a property deed P S P P S P S P P

Interactive Activity www.brainpop.com Research http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=s13KpDtKAys http://www.quia.com/rr/107632.html

Source Scenarios Read aloud your card and ask your group if they think it is primary or secondary and WHY!! Please remember T E A M Only the person with the bean bag is allowed to speak.

Why are primary and secondary sources important? Research with both primary and secondary sources helps to confirm the accuracy of information. Using solely primary sources can leave room for too much interpretation or speculation. Secondary sources can help place objects or documents in context when experience in the content is limited.

Consider this example…. It is 4:05 and you are standing at the corner to cross the street to go home. Two cars collide at the intersection. You saw it happen. You are a primary source. You run into the building to tell the principal. The principal calls the police. The principal is not a primary source- he/she was not there when it happened- he/she is just passing on information they got from someone else. The policeman asks you to draw a little map of where the cars were coming from when they collided. The map is a primary source- it was drawn by someone who was there. When you get home, you write about it in your journal or diary. The journal is a primary source- it was written by someone who was actually there during the event. The report provided by the principal and police would be considered secondary sources based on primary source information. Using both primary and secondary sources TOGETHER will help confirm whether your interpretation of the data (event) is correct!

Using the Internet for Research… Always use a suitable search engine, primary or secondary databases. Miss Wise’s “Resources” on class website Websites that end in: .org or .edu Teacher approved websites Do not use google, yahoo, msn, bing or wikipedia for cited research Use multiple resources Confirm secondary source information through primary sources and vice versa Record your data & websites

Primary & Secondary Source Sort Primary Sources Diary of a Civil War soldier Video from the front lines of war An autobiography of Albert Einstein Network Broadcast of a Congressional hearing Your notes from a lecture in class Classified ads from a newspaper An interview with Tiger Woods Secondary Sources A review of a best-selling book A history of Ancient Egypt An article about professional football players A biography of Madame Curie

Homework Challenge Due Monday Pick a topic relating to what we are studying in Chapter 3. Find a primary source to bring to class on Monday. Use links from Miss Wise’s class website Be ready to share Where did you find this primary source? How do you know it is a primary source? What can we learn from this primary source?

EXIT Ticket Define “primary source” in your own words List an example of a primary source that you have used or you have created. Define “secondary source” in your own words. List an example of a secondary source that you have used or you have created.