COMPUTER SYSTEM ORGANISATION A computer system consists of :- Hard ware 2. Software HARDWARE:- Hardware represents the physical and tangible components of the computer it self that is those components which we can be touched and seen. For eg. Input devices, out put devices, CPU and all electronic ccts SOFTWARE:- A sequence of instructions or set of instructions given to a computer to perform a particular task (or that tell the computer what to do, when to do) is called software or program Software mainly two types 1. System or operating software 2. application software 1

Computer System organization HARD WARE SOFT WARE For e.g. SYSTEM OR OPERATING SOFTWARE APPLICATION SOFTWARE INPUT DEVICES OUTPUT MEMORY CPU

BASIC DIGITAL COMPUTER CPU CONTROL UNIT ALU IN PUT DEVICE OUT PUT DEVICE MAIN MEMORY DATA CONTROL SIGNAL AUX MEMORY

DATA LAYER OF COMPUTER SYSTEM USER APPLICATION SOFTWARE OPERATING SYSTEM BIOS HARD WARE 1

SYSTEM OR OPERATING SOFTWARE APPLICATION SOFTWARE TYPES OF SOFTWARE

It is made up of control programs, It is a series set of instructions one or more programs that are basically designed to control the operation of computer system. It is also called operating system. It runs the computer and act as a scheduler. It controls the programs the flow of signal from CPU and various parts of the computer. System software or operating software makes the operation of the computer system more effective and efficient.

TYPES OF O S 1. MS DOS 2.         Windows 3.          Unix 4. LINUX 5.          Sun Solaris 1

Real time Operating system Single user/single tasking OS Operating system can be organized in to four major types according to use. Real time Operating system Single user/single tasking OS Single user/multi tasking OS Multi user/multi tasking OS 1

Real time Operating system:- It is very fast , relatively small OS. Real time OS’s are often also embedded OS’s. When they are built in to the circuitry of a device and are not loaded from the disk drive . A real time OS is needed to run real time applications , It may support multiple simultaneous tasks or single tasks . Real time applications are needed to run medical diagnostics Eqpt, life support system, instruments and industry systems 1

Single user/single tasking:- An operating system that allows a single user to perform just one task at a time is a single user/single tasking OS. For eg:- To a user, a “task’ is a function such as printing document , writing a file to disk , editing a file or down loading a file. Eg:- MS DOS Operating system 1

3. Single user/multi tasking :- It is one that allows a single user to perform two or more functions at once. It takes a special operating system to keep two or more tasks running at once. For eg: MS windows , Macintosh OS The multi tasking features of these OS’s have greatly increased the productivity of people in a large variety of Jobs because they can accoplish more in a shorter period of time 1

4. Multi user/multi tasking It is an operating system that allows multiple users to use programs that are simultaneously running on a single net work SERVER, called terminal SERVER. When computer is connected to a SERVER to access document files to edit , the client computer performs the processing work locally. Which gives each user a complete environment , called a user session on the server. Each user applications run within their user session on the server separate from all other user sessions. The software that makes this possible is called a terminal client. For eg :- Unix , Linux OS’s 1

SYSTEM OR OPERATING SOFTWARE MS DOS WINDOWS UNIX/ LINUX SOLARIES WINWS ME WINDOWS 3. .0, 3..1 WINDOWS 2000 WINDOWS 95 WINDOWS NT WINDOWS 98 WINDOWS XP WINDOWS 98 (SE) WINDOWS VISTA 1

OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORTED 1. Running the all other software’s 2 Communicating with all peripherals devices 3.    Development of other software’s 4. Monitoring the use of various Hardware recourses such as memory, peripherals, CPU etc 1

Functions of operating system 1. Job management 2.      Task management 3.      Data or memory management 4.      Security 5.      Boot strap or booting 6.      Directory management 7.      File management 8.      Command interpreter 9.  Utility programs.

APPLICATION SOFTWARE Application software or application packages are set of one or more programs designed to carry out operations for a specified application/ purpose is called application software or application package. For e.g. Object oriented application 2.         Data base oriented application

OBJECT ORIENTED APPLICATION APPLICATION SOFTWARE WORD PROCESSING SPREAD SHEET DATA BASE APPLICATION OBJECT ORIENTED APPLICATION SOFTWARES LOTUS MS EXCEL TALLY E-COMMERCE D BASE FOXPRO MS ACCESS ORACLE PAGE MAKER COREL DRAW PHOTO SHOP MS POWER POINT WORD STAR MS WORD NOTE PAD WORD PAD

WINDOWS OPEARTING SYSTEM History of windows:- 1. May 1990 - Windows 3.0 2. May 1992 - Windows 3.1 3 July 1993 - Windows NT 4.0 4 Aug 1995 - Windows 95 5 Sept 1998 - Windows 98 6. Dec 1998 - Windows 98 (SE) 7. 1999 - Windows Me 8 1998 - Windows 98 9. 2000 - Windows 2000 10. 2000 - Windows NT 2001 - Windows XP 2006 - Windows Vista 1

Features of windows operating system 1. It has GUI (Graphical user interface) base system 2. It is supported and encourage to 32/64 bits operation 3. Multi tasking system It is allowed to place the file/folder on the Desktop and work from there. 5 Supported long file names up to 255 characters 6. Supported multiple users with their own setting such desk top Icon’s Contd-2

11. Microsoft system information . -2- 7 It is supported to make built in peer to peer networking to access file and folder each other. 8. it is corporate “object linking and embedding” (OLE) ie user could easily create compressive documents combining information from several different application program. 9. It is supported to “Plug and Play” standard for hardware developed by PC makers. 10 It has a new mail system called Microsoft exchange for all the types of messages such as E/Mail, Internet. 11. Microsoft system information . 12 Windows system update i.e. maximum drivers are available. 1

MS DOS ORGANISATION 1 IO .SYS COMMANDS OF MS DOS MS DOS consists of three main system program files as .SYS and .COM 1   IO .SYS 2.             MS DOS .SYS 3.            Command.Com COMMANDS OF MS DOS 1   Internal commands 2.             External commands 1

Difference between the Operating system of MS DOS and Windows PHASE-V MS DOS 1 It is work on CUI bases. 2. Key board is used as input device. 3. Low memory space is required to load the OS (17 KB) 4. Single tasking system 5. No memory sharing facilities 6. It can not support the graphics 7. It can not support the MPEG file 8. It can not support with Internet & E-Mail. 9. There is no system to recover the deleted file up to DOS 5 Version File length will be limited ie up to eight character with extension of three letters. WINDOWS 1. It is work on GUI bases. 2. Key board and Mouse both used as input device. 3. It requires min 16 MB memory 4. Multi tasking system 5. Memory can be share with another computer 6. It can support the graphics 7. It can support the MPEG file 8. It can support with Internet & E-Mail. 9. There a provision to recover the deleted file File length will be up to 255 characters with extension of three letters.

TYPICAL COMPUTER CONFIGURATION: CPU : P- IV 3 GHz/I3/I5/I7 M/ BOARD : INTEL 845/G series RAM : 4GB OR HIGHER HARD DISK : 1 TB F/DRIVE : 1.44 MB M/M KIT : SOUND CARD , CR ROM SPEAKERS , MIC KEYBOARD : 104 KEYS OR HIGHER MONITOR: : COLOR MODEM: : BROADBAND MOUSE: : 2/3 BUTTON SERIAL / PS/2/USB CABINET : ATX/Mimi Tower PRINTER : LASER / DMP LAN CARD : 10/100/1OOO Mbps 1

It is made up of control programs, It is a series set of instructions one or more programs that are basically designed to control the operation of computer system. It is also called operating system. It runs the computer and act as a scheduler. It controls the programs the flow of signal from CPU and various parts of the computer. System software or operating software makes the operation of the computer system more effective and efficient.

TYPICAL COMPUTER CONFIGURATION: CPU : P- IV 2.4 GHz M/ BOARD : INTEL 845 GELLY SDRAM : 256 MB OR HIGHER HARD DISK : 40 GB F/DRIVE : 1.44 MB M/M KIT : SOUND CARD , CR ROM SPEAKERS , MIC KEYBOARD : 104 KEYS OR HIGHER MONITOR: : COLOR MODEM: : 56.6 kbps MOUSE: : 2/3 BUTTON SERIAL / PS/2 CABINET : ATX/Mimi Tower PRINTER : LASER / DMP LAN CARD : 10/100 Mbps PCI 1

KEY BOARD MOUSE 1

PRINTER MONITOR 1

HDD CD ROM DRIVE RAM MEMORY FDD 1

MOTHER BOARD CPU LAN CARD 1

CU HARD WARE ALU CPU DEVICES PRINTER RAM FLOPPY OUTPUT DEVICES MEMORY INPUT DEVICES CPU DEVICES OUTPUT DEVICES MEMORY DEVICES MOUSE KEY BOARD PRINTER MONITOR SEMI CONDUCTOR MEMORY MAGNETIC TAPE MEMORY OPTICAL MEMORY CU ALU CACHE MEMORY RAM ROM FLOPPY HARD DISK CD-R CD-RW DVDS SD RAM SRAM DRAM DDR RAM PROM EPROM EEPROM 1