Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Mary J. Sariscsany, California State University Northridge DYNAMIC PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN R O B E R T P A N G R A Z I S I X T E E N T H E D I T I O N Chapter 16 Fundamental Motor Skills and Introductory Activities

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Basic or functional skills  Skills children need to function effectively  Basic human movements  Walking  Twisting  Running  Jumping  Stretching

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills Locomotor  Move from one place to another Nonlocomotor  No appreciable movement from place to place

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Locomotor skills—walking  Each foot moves alternately  One foot always contacting the floor  Instructional cues  Head up, eyes forward  Point toes straight ahead  Nice, easy, relaxed arm swing  Walk quietly  Hold tummy in, chest up  Push off from floor with toes

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Locomotor skills—running  Moving rapidly  Flight phase (both feet off ground)  Instructional cues  Run on the balls of the feet  Head up, eyes forward  Bend your knees  Relax your upper body  Breathe naturally  Swing the arms forward and backward, not sideways

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Locomotor skills—hopping  Propel body up and down  Take off and land on same foot  In place or locomotor movement  Instructional cues  Hop with good forward motion  Stay on your toes  Use your arms for balance  Reach for the sky when you hop  Land lightly

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Locomotor skills—jumping  Taking off with both feet and landing on both feet  Instructional cues  Swing your arms forward as fast as possible  Bend your knees  On your toes  Land lightly with bent knees  Jump up and try to touch the ceiling

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Locomotor skills—sliding  Lead foot steps to side, other follows quickly  Sideways gallop  Instructional cues  Move sideways  Do not bounce  Slide your feet

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Locomotor skills—galloping  Similar to skip  Progress is made in forward direction  More upward motion than sliding  Instructional cues  Keep one foot in front of the other  Now lead with the other foot  Make high gallops

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Locomotor skills—leaping  Elongated step designed to cover distance  Usually combined with running  Take off on one foot and land on the other  Instructional cues  Push off and reach  Up and over, land lightly  Use your arms to help you gain height

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Locomotor skills—skipping  Series of step-hops with alternate feet  Instructional cues  “Step-hop”  Swing your arms  Skip smoothly  On your toes

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Nonlocomotor skills—bending  Movement at a joint  Instructional cues  Bend as far as possible  Bend one part while holding others steady

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Nonlocomotor skills—rocking and swaying  Center of gravity is fluidly transferred  Base of support is unchanged in swaying  Instructional cues  Rock smoothly  Rock in different directions and at varying speeds  Rock higher (farther)  Sway until you almost lose your balance

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Nonlocomotor skills—swinging  Movement of body parts resembling swinging rope  Most swinging is confined to arms and legs  Instructional cues  Loosen up  Swing easy  Swing fully  Swing in rhythm

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Nonlocomotor skills—turning  Rotation around the long axis of the body  Movement of the body as a whole  Initiated by a twist  Instructional cues  Keep your balance  In jump turns, land relaxed with knees bent  Be precise in your movement, whether it is a quarter, half, or full turn

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Nonlocomotor skills—twisting  Rotation of selected body part around its own long axis  Joints of different body parts are used for twisting  Movement around body part itself  Instructional cues  Twist far (fully)  Stabilize body parts  Twist the other way  Some joints are better for twisting than others

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Nonlocomotor skills—stretching  Moves body parts away from the body center  Involves moving a joint through range of movement  Necessary for maintaining and increasing flexibility  Instructional cues  Stretch as far as possible  Find other ways to stretch the body part  Keep it smooth

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Nonlocomotor skills—pushing  Controlled and forceful action  Move the body away from object  Move the object in a desired direction  Instructional cues  Broaden your foot base  Use all your body forces  Push steadily  Lower yourself for a better push

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Fundamental Motor Skills  Nonlocomotor skills—pulling  Controlled and forceful action  Moves an object closer to the body  Moves the body closer to an object  Instructional cues  Get your body in line with the pull  Lower yourself  Widen your base of support

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities  Lasts 2–3 minutes  Students’ first movement experience when entering the teaching area  Vigorous fundamental motor skills  Minimal instruction  Warm children up physiologically  Prepare for physical activity to follow  Upbeat and active

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities: Locomotor  Free running  Running and changing direction  Running and changing level  Running and changing type of locomotion  Running and stopping  Move and perform athletic movements

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities: Locomotor  Run and assume a pose  Tortoise and hare  Ponies in the stable  High fives  Move and perform task on signal  Run, stop, and pivot

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities: Locomotor  Triple S routine  Agility run  Moving on twos and fours  Secret movement  Airplanes  Combination movements  Countdown

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities: Locomotor  Performing airplanes

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities: Locomotor  Magic-number challenges  Crossing the river  Four-corners movement  Jumping and hopping patterns  Leading with body parts  Move, rock, and roll

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities: Rhythmic  Musical relaxation  Moving to rhythm  Moving to music  Folk dance movement

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities: Rhythmic  European rhythmic running

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities: Equipment  Individual rope jumping  Hoop activities  Wand activities  Milk carton fun  Ball activities  Beanbag touch and go  Long-rope routine  Disappearing hoops

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities Partner and Small Group Introductory Activities  Marking  Following activity  Fastest tag in the west  Medic tag  Hospital tag

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Partner and Small Group Introductory Activities (continued)  Curl and around  Living obstacles  Popcorn

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Introductory Activities Partner and Small Group Introductory Activities (continued)  Pyramid power  Bridges by threes  Rubber band  New leader movements  Manipulative activities  Body part identification  Drill sergeant

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Creative Introductory Activities  Set out a variety of equipment. Each child takes one piece to explore  Set out manipulative items. Children select any item and decide whether to play alone, with a partner, or small group  Provide a range of apparatus. Students decide where they want to practice

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Games and Miscellaneous  Selected games are suitable for introductory activities  Must keep children active, are simple and require little teaching  Make sure students are familiar with the selected game