Origins of the Cold War Learning Objectives: Know: What was the ‘Cold War?’ Understand: What are the differences between the Communist vs. Capitalist systems? Be able to: Why did the ‘Grand Alliance’ breakdown? The Big 3 meetings VS

What was the Cold War? Cold War, USSR, capitalism, communism Starter: Copy out the line below. How much do you currently know about the Cold War? X Know:

What can you learn? Core Core: Describe: What can you see? Stretch Stretch: Explain: What learn from this cartoon? What is the deeper meaning? Above and Beyond Above and Beyond: Evaluate: What does this cartoon suggest about the cold war? How useful is it? Know:

What can you learn from this cartoon? Bear Globe/World Uncle Sam Character: strong, powerful, big, scary? Shown on the right (East) Geographical position Geographically USSR is in the East Represents the USSR Represents the USA Shown on the left (West) Geographical position Geographically USSR is in the East Character: Influential, determined Staring at each other

What’s happening to the globe? Which character is the ‘scariest’? Why? Using one word, describe the relationship. Is this a game? If so How do you win? Who ‘weighs’ the most? What makes something powerful? Key Question: What does this cartoon suggest about the cold war?

The Cold War The Cold War was a ‘war’ involving the USA and the USSR in which no direct fighting actually occurred between the two countries, but tensions were very high. Neither country actually declared war on each other! However all the other signs of war – arms races, alliances and propaganda were all in place. Both sides realised that if ‘hot war’ broke out = due to the development of nuclear technology any conflict would be ‘unwinnable’ Know:

The USA and the USSR in 1945 were two very different countries with very different beliefs: The USA was capitalist The USSR was communist But what does this actually mean? Use the sheet to start to separate the different ideologies… Understand:

Communism There should only be one political party There should be a variety of political parties for people to choose between Everyone must work for the state People should be free to start their own businesses and make a profit We should only make as many products as we need We should make as many products as we can and sell them for profits Capitalism Fairness and equality for all! Freedom and opportunity for all! We will enforce strict censorship – no-one should criticise the state. We believe in people having freedom of speech on political matters. Understand:

How are these beliefs different? Capitalism = Where all factors of production (industry, business and agriculture) are owned by private individuals or firms who run them for their own profit. Communism = Where all factors of production (industry, business and agriculture) are owned by the state for the good of everyone. Understand:

Leadership Capitalist One leader, voted for by the people Works with Parliament to pass laws Could be from a variety of political parties Communist Ideally no need for a leader - Run by a committee – so no voting Oversees day to day business Only one political party Understand:

Factories Capitalist Owned by individuals or companies Develops/ mass produces Sells as much as possible for profit Communist No need for an owner – factory owned by the Government Only makes what is needed by the state Not for profit Understand:

Farmers Communist Farmers produce for the state All produce is taken and given out to the people – not for profit Machinery/ equipment is provided by the state Capitalist Farmers produce for own gain Sells food for as much as possible - for profit Personally buys equipment and tools to make work more efficient. Understand:

However despite these differences these two ‘superpowers’ had formed a…. Grand Alliance 1941 The question is why? + features of GA- features of GA Be able to…