Osseous Tissue (Bone Tissue). 1. Cells Osteocytes— mature bone cells Osteoblasts— bone-forming cells (germ cells or “bud” cells) Osteoclasts —bone-destroying.

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Osseous Tissue (Bone Tissue)

1. Cells Osteocytes— mature bone cells Osteoblasts— bone-forming cells (germ cells or “bud” cells) Osteoclasts —bone-destroying cells (“breakers”) A. primarily collagen fibers flexibility tensile strength (the strength to endure stretching forces) B. calcium salts (hardness) contain calcium and phosphorus great compressional strength (the strength to endure squeezing forces) 2. Matrix

Bone Remodeling constant balance of bone deposit and removal that occurs throughout your life bone deposit occurs at a greater rate when bone is injured bone reabsorption allows calcium of degraded bone matrix to move into the blood. About 10% of bone is replaced every year in an adult skeleton

bone formation bone reabsorption osteoblastsosteoclasts Maintenance of Bone

Calcium Negative Feedback Cycle

Control of Remodeling Hormonal – Rising blood Ca 2+ levels trigger the thyroid to release calcitonin – Calcitonin stimulates calcium salt deposit in bone – Falling blood Ca 2+ levels signal the parathyroid glands to release Parathyroid hormone (PTH) – PTH signals osteoclasts to degrade bone matrix and release Ca 2+ into the blood

bone formation bone reabsorption osteoblastsosteoclasts Calcitonin (CT) from thyroid Parathyroid hormone (PTH) from parathyroid Hormonal effects

bone formation bone reabsorption osteoblastsosteoclasts Before age 25 Increase bone mass

bone formation bone reabsorption osteoblastsosteoclasts Age 25-50

bone formation bone reabsorption osteoblastsosteoclasts Age 50-on Decrease bone mass

Bone Loss with Age

bone formation bone reabsorption osteoblastsosteoclasts Stress effects Stress increases bone density