Lincoln’s Suspension of Habeas Corpus Question of Civil Liberties during wartime.

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Presentation transcript:

Lincoln’s Suspension of Habeas Corpus Question of Civil Liberties during wartime

Habeas Corpus Latin Phrase that means “Produce the Body” The doctrine of habeas corpus protects Americans' civil liberties providing the right of any person under arrest to appear in person before the court, to ensure that they have not been falsely accused. The US Constitution specifically protects this right in Article I, Section 9: ◦ “The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.”

Atmosphere Lincoln initially suspended habeas corpus in the state of Maryland, a border state sympathetic to the South that virtually surrounded Washington, D.C. In 1861 in order to try large numbers of civilian rioters in military courts and to prevent the movement of Confederate troops on Washington. The order was eventually extended in response to different threats.

General Order No. 141 Issued September 25, 1862 President Lincoln had called up the state militias, leading to increased opposition to the Civil War within the Union. Order subjected protestors to martial law (military control of the justice system) and the suspension of habeas corpus. Such acts included interfering with military enlistment, resisting the draft, and speaking against the war or the government in newspapers or in public. Finally, the proclamation also meant that prisoners would be tried and punished by military courts instead of by a jury.

Lincolns Proclamation: September 24, 1862.

Was Lincoln Justified? The suspension of habeas corpus was one of Lincoln’s most controversial decisions. Was Lincoln justified in his curtailment of civil liberties during the Civil war?

Habeas Corpus Lesson Read the cases associated with habeas corpus to determine if you believe Lincoln was justified in his curtailment of civil liberties during the Civil War.