WARM-UP 10/14. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION IN YOUR JOURNAL If there were no rules and no institutions (like schools, police, law makers, judicial systems, etc.) what would the world be like? If there were no rules and no institutions (like schools, police, law makers, judicial systems, etc.) what would the world be like?

FORMS OF GOVERNMENT

WHAT IS GOVERNMENT? The system that establishes and enforces the laws and institutions of society. The system that establishes and enforces the laws and institutions of society.

WHO IS IN CHARGE OF A GOVERNMENT? Rule by one: Rule by one: Dictatorship (Teacher) Dictatorship (Teacher) Rule by a few: Rule by a few: Oligarchy (Principals) Oligarchy (Principals) Rule by many: Rule by many: Democracy Democracy

TWO CATEGORIES OF GOVERNMENT Unlimited Government Unlimited Government There are no limits imposed on government authority. There are no limits imposed on government authority. Limited Government Limited Government Everyone, including all authority figures, must obey the laws. Everyone, including all authority figures, must obey the laws. Typically you will see some sort of Constitution in a limited government Typically you will see some sort of Constitution in a limited government

UNLIMITED GOVERNMENT Remember…in an unlimited government, control is placed solely ruler and his/her appointees, and there is NO LIMITS placed on his/her authority. Remember…in an unlimited government, control is placed solely ruler and his/her appointees, and there is NO LIMITS placed on his/her authority.

EXAMPLE #1 Totalitarian—a form of government that has total control over all aspects of its’ citizens’ political and economic activities Totalitarian—a form of government that has total control over all aspects of its’ citizens’ political and economic activities Has only one political party Has only one political party Can have one person or many people in control Can have one person or many people in control Has totally control of its’ citizens Has totally control of its’ citizens Example: In North Korea the government says what channels can be on TV or radio. The government controls what religion you practice and every aspect of daily life. Example: In North Korea the government says what channels can be on TV or radio. The government controls what religion you practice and every aspect of daily life.

ADOLF HITLER Leader of the Nazi Party Killed over 6 million Jewish people.

EXAMPLE #2 Dictatorship—a form of government in which one person, a dictator, holds the power to govern. Dictatorship—a form of government in which one person, a dictator, holds the power to govern. The dictator is not elected and may use force to keep power. The dictator is not elected and may use force to keep power. For example if you go against the dictator you and you family could end up in a concentration camp or worse. For example if you go against the dictator you and you family could end up in a concentration camp or worse. Usually dictators give the people little or no individual freedom. Usually dictators give the people little or no individual freedom. Can a dictator also be totalitarian? Can a dictator also be totalitarian?

Josef Stalin was one of the world’s cruelest dictators. He ruled the former Soviet Union from 1929 until He controlled the lives of the Soviet Union citizens and even jailed or executed anybody who opposed him. Current countries: North Korea, Chad, Cuba, and Zimbabwe

EXAMPLE #3 Absolute Monarchy—a single ruler, the King or Queen, controls government and claims the responsibility due to divine (given the right to be king by God) or hereditary (born into ruling families) right. Absolute Monarchy—a single ruler, the King or Queen, controls government and claims the responsibility due to divine (given the right to be king by God) or hereditary (born into ruling families) right. The people of country whose government is an Absolute Monarchy have no say in who the King or Queen is. The people of country whose government is an Absolute Monarchy have no say in who the King or Queen is. Most absolute monarchies occurred during the 17 th and 18 th centuries but a few still exist today. Most absolute monarchies occurred during the 17 th and 18 th centuries but a few still exist today.

King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarch.

CORNELL QUESTIONS Write some questions for your notes. Write some questions for your notes.

WARM-UP 10/15. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION IN YOUR JOURNAL Why should there be limits to the power of government and its leaders? When the song ends you should be done and ready to share!!!

LIMITED GOVERNMENT Remember…In a limited government everyone, including authority figures, must obey the law Remember…In a limited government everyone, including authority figures, must obey the law

EXAMPLE #1 Constitutional Monarchy—a government in which a king or queen is the head of state but has limited powers granted under the constitution and laws of the nation. Constitutional Monarchy—a government in which a king or queen is the head of state but has limited powers granted under the constitution and laws of the nation. Several nations in modern times have passed from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy: Belgium, Great Britain, Denmark, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, and Sweden. Several nations in modern times have passed from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy: Belgium, Great Britain, Denmark, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, and Sweden.

EXAMPLE #2 Democracy—a form of government in which the citizens are involved in making decisions (either directly by voting or indirectly through their elected representatives). Democracy—a form of government in which the citizens are involved in making decisions (either directly by voting or indirectly through their elected representatives). Government of the people, by the people, and for the people!!! Government of the people, by the people, and for the people!!!

TWO TYPES OF DEMOCRACY Direct Direct Representative Representative

DIRECT DEMOCRACY A system of government where the people participate directly in decision-making. A system of government where the people participate directly in decision-making. Example: Switzerland Example: Switzerland

REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY A government in which people elect representatives to manage the country and make laws A government in which people elect representatives to manage the country and make laws Example: United States citizens vote for local leaders, mayors, governors, congressmen, senators, and the president to make decisions. Example: United States citizens vote for local leaders, mayors, governors, congressmen, senators, and the president to make decisions.

2 SITUATIONS THAT COULD ARISE Revolutionary government—if a government is overthrown by force, then the new ruling group is sometimes called a revolutionary government Revolutionary government—if a government is overthrown by force, then the new ruling group is sometimes called a revolutionary government Anarchy—is a situation where there is no government. This can happen after a civil war in a country, when the government has been destroyed and rival groups are fighting to take its place. Anarchy—is a situation where there is no government. This can happen after a civil war in a country, when the government has been destroyed and rival groups are fighting to take its place.

CORNELL QUESTIONS/SUMMARY Write some questions for your notes. 5 questions is a good start. Write some questions for your notes. 5 questions is a good start. Make sure your have a summary with 3-5 sentences. Make sure your have a summary with 3-5 sentences.