Cell Organelles

Internal Organization Organelles: parts of a cell, have specific jobs Tissues: groups of cells that have a similar function

Skin Cells

Death of Tissue

Organ Systems Organ systems- a group of organs that work together to perform a set of related tasks. Digestive system includes: the stomach, esophagus, intestines and mouth. Cells→Tissues→Organs→Organ Systems

Human Circulatory System

Cell Organelles! Cell Membrane – separates cell from external environment, gives shape and flexibility to cell, selectively permeable

Continue… Cytoplasm: gelatin like aqueous fluid called cytosol Cytoplasmic streaming Mostly water but also salts and organic molecules

Continue… Mitochondia: power house of the cell! Where cellular respiration occurs, production of ATP, has it’s own DNA Cristae: inner membrane creating many folds to increase surface area

Continue… Ribosomes: where proteins are made, Free Floating Ribosome: make proteins for the cell Ribosomes attached to ER: make proteins to be exported from the cell

Continue… Endoplasmic Reticulum: (ER) acts as a highway for molecules to move around the cell. Smooth ER: does NOT contain ribosomes; cell detox; manufactures lipids; stores calcium ions Rough ER: does contain ribosomes; sites of protein synthesis;

Continue… Golgi Apparatus (bodies) processes, packages, and secretes a) product is assembled (moves from ER to golgi, where it is put together and adjusted) b) product is packaged (in new sacs) c) product is mailed out (sent out of cell)

Continue…. Cilia: short hair like projections beat together to move an organism ex: humans trachea cilia move fluids and mucus! YUM

Continue… Flagella: long, whiplike projections, single or in pairs, rapid movement, ex: sperm

Continue…. Nucleus: brains! Control center of cell, DNA & RNA are made here! Nuclear envolope: double membrane with pores Chromatin: fine strands of DNA & protein Nucleolus: inside nucleus where ribosomes are made

Continue… Lysosome: digestive enzymes, digest food, disease causing bacteria, old organelles, ex: lysosomes eat up tissue between fingers in embryos, usually only in animal cells

Continue… Cytoskeleton- helps shape & support cells Microtubules: long slender protein tubes form spindle fibers during mitosis Microfilaments: fine protein threads

Animal cell only! Centrioles: cell reproduction Centrosome: cell reproduction

Animal Cell