Geology 3120 - Rock Fabric. Objectives Attitudes of Fabric Attitudes of Fabric Cleavage Cleavage Lineations Lineations Foliations Foliations.

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Presentation transcript:

Geology Rock Fabric

Objectives Attitudes of Fabric Attitudes of Fabric Cleavage Cleavage Lineations Lineations Foliations Foliations

Fabrics

Fabrics

Fabrics

Fabrics

Cleavage General definition - closely-spaced, aligned, planar to curviplanar penetrative surfaces General definition - closely-spaced, aligned, planar to curviplanar penetrative surfaces Continuous verses disjunctive cleavage - planar verses non-planar Continuous verses disjunctive cleavage - planar verses non-planar Mechanical realignment and growth of clay minerals Mechanical realignment and growth of clay minerals Pressure dissolution process Pressure dissolution process

Slaty Cleavage Mechanical alignment and growth of clay minerals Mechanical alignment and growth of clay minerals

Slaty Cleavage Where is the bedding? Where is the bedding?

Slaty Cleavage Where is the cleavage? Where is the cleavage?

Slaty Cleavage What direction is the nearest anticline? What direction is the nearest anticline?

Pressure Dissolution Cleavage Extensional veins shortened in silt

Axial Planar Cleavage Identify the folds

Axial Planar Cleavage Identify the cleavage

Axial Planar Cleavage Identify the axial surfaces

Axial Planar Cleavage

Bedding Axial Surfaces

Cleavage Vergence West Central East

Cleavage Vergence West Central East

Cleavage Vergence West Central East

Cleavage Vergence West Central East

Pressure Solution Cleavage - Limestone Insoluble material is typically contained in the stylolite

Introduction to Lineations  One-Dimensional Features  Slickenline lineations  Fault grooves  Stretched conglomerates  Boudins

Slickenline Lineations Calcite mineral growth on a fault plane

Grooves Grooves are parallel to strike Grooves are parallel to strike What type of fault is this? What type of fault is this?

Stretched Conglomerates Rock has a foliation, lineation depends on whether clasts are disc- or rod-shaped

Boudins

Introduction to Foliations  Bring in the next dimension  Deformation or organization of grains with respect to a two-dimensional surface  Foliations in addition to lineations may yield information about the stretching direction

Foliations with Lineations

References Slides 3 - 6: Slide 1, : Slide 12: Slides : Slide : Slide 21: Slide 23: Slide 24: Slide 25: Slide 26: Slide 26: Slide 28: Slide 29: