Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Chapter 4 Ecosystems and Communities 4.3 Succession.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Succession Part 4. Brainstorm How do Ecosystems Form?
Advertisements

How ecosystems recover from disturbances
IN Headings Vocabulary Important words/phrases. A niche is the range of physical and biological conditions in which a species lives and the way the species.
What is the definition of Ecological Succession? The gradual process of change and replacement of some or all of the species in a community.
Succession.
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Biological Succession
Succession study guide
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Ecological Succession. Both the biotic or living and the abiotic or non- living components of an ecosystem change over time. Will this landscape of rocks.
Ecological Succession Biology 1-2. Ecological Succession Ecological succession-process of biological community change. Ecological succession-process of.
Review- What effects do organisms do pioneer species have on an environment undergoing primary succession Explain- why do communities change over time.
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION New Beginnings. Changing Ecosystems  Ecosystems are constantly changing  What might cause a change in an ecosystem??  Human interference.
Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession Notes
SUCCESSION Natural Change Over Time
What is ecological succession?
Unit 5 Section 3 Succession. Ecological Succession Succession is a series of more or less predictable changes that occur in a community over time. As.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession. Ecological Succession Natural, gradual changes in the types of species that live in an area; can be primary.
Ecological Succession. B 12.F Describe how environmental change can impact ecosystem stability. B 11.D DESCRIBE HOW EVENTS AND PROCESSES THAT OCCUR DURING.
Succession. Ecological Succession  Is studied by ecologist.  An ecologist is a scientist that studies the interactions among organisms and their environment.
Ecological Succession. Succession  Primary succession:  development of a new community with no previous life.  No soil is initially present.  Very.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession EQ: How do communities change over time?
Ecological Succession
Succession.
Ecology Notes September 8, 2015
ECOLOGY: SUCCESSION. IMPORTANT TERMS Ecological Succession – A series of predicable changes that occur in a community over time. Primary Succession –
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION New Beginnings. Bellringer  How does bare rock become a dense forest?
Succession.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession. Ecological Succession Ecosystems are constantly changing in response to natural and human disturbances.
Ecological Succession Change in an ecosystem. Primary Succession Succession that takes place where no soil had previously existed Ex: land created by.
Section 4 – Community Stability. Ecological Succession Equilibrium: stable and balanced Disequilibrium: unstable and off balance Limiting factors shift.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession. What is Ecological Succession? Natural, gradual changes in the types of species that live in an area Can.
Ch 4 Recap: Shaping an Ecosystem Community Interactions: –Competition –Symbiotic Relationships Commensalism Parasitism Mutualism –EX. Lichen (fungus and.
4.3 Succession Chapter Succession Key Questions: 1)How do communities change over time? 2) Do ecosystems return to “normal” following a disturbance?
Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Succession. POINT > Describe primary succession in ecosystems POINT > Describe secondary succession in ecosystems POINT > Define a climax community.
Succession. THINK ABOUT IT WARM-UP: What would happen to the school grounds if we stopped mowing the grass? What plants and animals would you see… 1.In.
Chapter 12 - Succession.
THINK ABOUT IT In 1883, the volcanic island of Krakatau in the Indian Ocean was blown to pieces by an eruption. The tiny island that remained was completely.
Succession Chapter 4.3.
Chapter 20: Communities.
4.3 Succession *Need book- Pg. 106
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
Ecology Energy, Cycles, & Human Impact
Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession: How Change Occurs in an Ecosystem
Ecology.
Ecological Succession
Succession Read the lessons title aloud..
B-6.3: Illustrate the processes of succession in ecosystems.
4.3 Succession.
Primary and Secondary Succession
Ecological Succession
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
The gradual, sequential regrowth of a community of species in an area is called ecological succession. You can see early stages of succesion in vacant.
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Succession Read the lessons title aloud..
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Succession We will: describe the different types of ecological succession You will: develop an understanding of succession and how ecosystems are constantly.
Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession
Lesson Overview Succession.
Lesson Overview 4.3 Succession.
Ecological Succession
Presentation transcript:

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Chapter 4 Ecosystems and Communities 4.3 Succession

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession THINK ABOUT IT In 1883, the volcanic island of Krakatau in the Indian Ocean was blown to pieces by an eruption. The tiny island that remained was completely barren. Within two years, grasses were growing. Fourteen years later, there were 49 plant species, along with lizards, birds, bats, and insects. By 1929, a forest containing 300 plant species had grown. Today, the island is blanketed by mature rain forest. How did the island ecosystem recover so quickly?

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Primary and Secondary Succession How do communities change over time?

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Primary and Secondary Succession How do communities change over time? Ecosystems change over time, especially after disturbances, as some species die out and new species move in.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Primary and Secondary Succession Ecological succession is a series of more-or- less predictable changes that occur in a community over time. Over the course of succession, the number of different species present typically increases.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Primary Succession Volcanic explosions can create new land or sterilize existing areas. Retreating glaciers can have the same effect, leaving only exposed bare rock behind them. Succession that begins in an area with no remnants of an older community is called primary succession.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Primary Succession The first species to colonize barren areas are called pioneer species. One ecological pioneer that grows on bare rock is lichen—a mutualistic symbiosis between a fungus and an alga.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Primary Succession Over time, lichens convert, or fix, atmospheric nitrogen into useful forms for other organisms, break down rock, and add organic material to form soil. Certain grasses are also pioneer species.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Secondary Succession Sometimes, existing communities are not completely destroyed by disturbances. In these situations, secondary succession occurs. Secondary succession proceeds faster than primary succession, in part because soil survives the disturbance. As a result, new and surviving vegetation can regrow rapidly.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Secondary Succession Often follows a wildfire, hurricane, or other natural disturbance. Thought of these events as disasters, but many species are adapted to them. Although forest fires kill some trees, for example, other trees are spared, and fire can stimulate their seeds to germinate. Secondary succession can also follow human activities like logging and farming.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Secondary Succession

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Why Succession Occurs Every organism changes the environment it lives in. As one species alters its environment, other species find it easier to compete for resources and survive. For example, as lichens add organic matter and form soil, mosses and other plants can colonize and grow. As organic matter continues to accumulate, other species move in and change the environment further. Over time, more and more species can find suitable niches and survive.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Climax Communities Do ecosystems return to “normal” following a disturbance?

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Climax Communities Do ecosystems return to “normal” following a disturbance? Secondary succession in healthy ecosystems following natural disturbances often reproduces the original climax community. Ecosystems may or may not recover from extensive human-caused disturbances.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Climax Communities Ecologists used to think that succession in a given area always proceeds through the same stages to produce a specific and stable climax community. Recent studies, however, have shown that succession doesn’t always follow the same path, and that climax communities are not always uniform and stable.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Succession After Natural Disturbances Secondary succession in healthy ecosystems following natural disturbances often reproduces the original climax community. Healthy coral reefs and tropical rain forests often recover from storms, and healthy temperate forests and grasslands recover from wildfires.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Succession After Natural Disturbances However, detailed studies show that some climax communities are not uniform. Often, they have areas in varying stages of secondary succession following multiple disturbances that took place at different times. Some climax communities are disturbed so often that they can’t really be called stable.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Succession After Human-Caused Disturbances Ecosystems may or may not recover from extensive human-caused disturbances. Clearing and farming of tropical rain forests, for example, can change the microclimate and soil enough to prevent regrowth of the original community.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Studying Patterns of Succession Ecologists study succession by comparing different cases and looking for similarities and differences. Researchers who swarmed over Mount Saint Helens after it erupted in 1980 might also have studied Krakatau, for example.

Lesson Overview Lesson OverviewSuccession Studying Patterns of Succession On both Mount Saint Helens and Krakatau, primary succession proceeded through predictable stages. The first plants and animals that arrived had seeds, spores, or adult stages that traveled over long distances. Hardy pioneer species helped stabilize loose volcanic debris, enabling later species to take hold. Historical studies in Krakatau and ongoing studies on Mount Saint Helens confirm that early stages of primary succession are slow, and that chance can play a large role in determining which species colonize at different times.