WARM Up # 28 Who proposed the theory of continental drift? Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift in He was a German scientist.

Who is this man? Alfred Wegener What theory did he propose? Continental Drift What evidence did he have for it? 1) continents fit like a puzzle 2) Similar fossil records on different continents. Warm-Up # 29

Who developed the theory of seafloor spreading? What is the theory of seafloor spreading? Henry Hess, a German geologist, proposed the theory of seafloor spreading. Seafloor spreading is when hot, less dense material below Earth’s crust rises toward the surface at the mid-ocean ridges. As the seafloor spreads apart at a mid-ocean ridge, new seafloor is created. The older seafloor moves away from the ridge in opposite directions. February 5, 2013 Warm-Up # 30

Warm-Up #31 What is the name of the supercontinent that existed 100s of millions of years ago? PANGEA

Warm-Up #32 What are three types of evidence that support the theory of continental drift? 2) Fossils of plants and animals of the same species found on different continents. 1) The continents fit together like a puzzle. 3) Matching rock sequences on different continents

What evidence supports the theory of seafloor spreading? Warm-Up # 33 Scientists found that the youngest rocks are located at the mid-ocean ridges.

Warm-Up # 34 What type of boundary is each? Divergent? Convergent? Transform? 1) Divergent 2) Convergent 3) Transform

Warm-Up # 35 What is the name of the most famous transform fault (plate boundary) in the world? San Andreas Where is it? California What is a transform fault? A plate boundary where the plates grind past each other (not toward or away from each other).

February 13, 2013 Warm-Up # 36 What is hot, melted rock under the surface of the Earth known as??? MAGMA. Hot, melted rock on the surface of Earth is known as LAVA.

Warm-UP # 37 What happens when one plate grinds against another, as in the transform plate boundary at the San Andreas fault in California? EARTHQUAKE

WARM-UP # 38 What is the difference between the focus and the epicenter of an earthquake? The epicenter is the point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus, the point where an earthquake originates.

WARM-UP # 39 What are p-waves? P-waves are primary waves. Primary waves are earthquake waves that cause particles in rocks to move back and forth in the same direction that the wave is traveling. P-Waves are the fastest waves and are felt first.

WARM-UP # 40 What is a seismograph? seismograph. A seismograph is an instrument that measures the seismic waves from earthquakes. Seismographs register the waves and record the time that each arrived.

14 Which type of earthquake wave causes the most damage? Surface waves (L-Waves) Surface waves (L-Waves) or land waves move rock particles in a backward, rolling motion and a side-to-side, swaying motion. Surface Waves reach the earth's surface after P and S waves. Very destructive WARM-UP # 41