6-1 BUSI 240 Introduction to Information Systems Tuesday & Thursday 8:05am – 9:30am Wyant Lecture Hall Please sign the roster on the back table.

6-2 Current Events – What’s going on? Bill Gates's successor at Microsoft to retire The Microsoft Corp executive who took over the role of chief software architect from Bill Gates is to step down, following a tenure in which the Windows- maker lost ground to Google and Apple.

Apple’s Jobs goes after Google, tablet rivals It’s not often Steve Jobs shows up on a routine earnings call. And when he showed up on Monday’s, he made a splash. Coincidentally showing up right after the company’s shares racked up their largest post-earnings fall in recent memory, Jobs thrashed Google’s Android mobile operating system and a clutch of competitors rushing to stake out territory in the explosive tablet market he helped create. goes-after-google-tablet-rivals/ 6-3 Current Events – What’s going on?

6-4 Current Events – What’s going on? Internet users to exceed 2 billion this year The number of Internet users will surpass two billion this year, approaching a third of the world population, but developing countries need to step up access to the vital tool for economic growth, a United Nations agency said on Tuesday.

6-5 Assignment #2 Due Tuesday, February 24 th – before 8:05am (correction from Tuesday’s slide) Submit via DropBox at online.apu.edu

Quiz #3 Covers Chapter 5 & 6 20 questions, 1 point per question Available Tuesday, February 22, 2011 at 9:30am Due Thursday, February 24, 2011 at 8:00am 6-6

Mid-Term Covers Chapter 1 thru 6 50 questions, 2 points per question Available Tuesday, March 1, 2011 at 9:30am Due Thursday, March 3, 2011 at 8:00am 6-7

6-8 An Intranet A network inside an organization That uses Internet technologies (such as Web browsers and servers, TCP/IP protocols, HTML, etc.) To provide an Internet-like environment within the organization For information sharing, communications, collaboration and support of business processes Protected by security measures Can be accessed by authorized users through the Internet

6-9 Enterprise Information Portal

6-10 Extranet Network links that use Internet technologies To connect the Intranet of a business With the Intranets of its customers, suppliers or other business partners

6-11 Extranet Uses

6-12 The Origins of the Internet Project: Department of Defense’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in Goal: develop a wartime digital communications network Specifications: The network must be able to quickly reroute digital traffic around failed nodes. Worse Case Scenario: Be able to communicate during/after nuclear attacks on multiple metropolitan areas Users: Government offices and educational institutions

6-13 The Origins of the Internet Initial Name: ARPANET First Node: UCLA 2 nd & 3 rd Nodes: UC Santa Barbara and University of Utah Concept: the idea that there would be multiple independent networks connected through an “Internetworking Architecture”.

6-14 Timeline of the internet

6-15 Challenges of building the Internet Flexible and platform agnostic communication protocols did not exist The internet would not be possible without a set of communication protocols called TCP/IP TCP/IP was developed in 1972 by Robert Kahn and Vincent Cerf at Stanford Univ. The basic premise of TCP/IP is to “join almost any networks together, no matter what their characteristics were/[are]”

6-16 A Brief Summary of the Evolution of the Internet Memex Conceived 1945 WWW Created 1989 Mosaic Created 1993 A Mathematical Theory of Communication 1948 Packet Switching Invented 1964 Silicon Chip 1958 First Vast Computer Network Envisioned 1962 ARPANET 1969 TCP/IP Created 1972 Internet Named and Goes TCP/IP 1984 Hypertext Invented 1965 Age of eCommerce Begins 1995

6-17 By January 2009 The Internet Reached Two Important Milestones:

6-18 Internet Growth Trends 1977: 111 hosts on Internet 1981: 213 hosts 1983: 562 hosts 1984: 1,000 hosts 1986: 5,000 hosts 1987: 10,000 hosts 1989: 100,000 hosts 1992: 1,000,000 hosts 2001: 150 – 175 million hosts 2002: over 200 million hosts 2008 (July): over 500 million hosts By 2009 (January): over 600 million hosts By end of 2010, about 80% of the planet will be on the Internet

Internet Hosts Top 10 Countries 6-20 United States316,000,000 Japan39,909,000 Germany22,606,000 Italy17,702,000 China14,306,000 France14,256,000 Australia11,134,000 Netherlands10,983,000 Mexico10,653,000 Brazil9,573,000

6-21 Statistics from the IITF Report The Emerging Digital Economy * To get a market of 50 Million People Participating: Radio took 38 years TV took 13 years Once it was open to the General Public, The Internet made to the 50 million person audience mark in just 4 years!!! Released on April 15, 1998 * Delivered to the President and the U.S. Public on April 15, 1998 by Bill Daley, Secretary of Commerce and Chairman of the Information Infrastructure Task Force

6-22 Internet Applications Surf and Internet Chat and Discussion Forums Social Networks Download and Computer Search Engines E-Commerce Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Telnet Popular Uses of the Internet Popular Uses of the Internet

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6-27 Challenges for the future TCP/IP, the underlying protocol that enables the internet has flaws There are multiple proposals to fix the flaws Study Predicts Internet Users Face Bandwidth Drought by the end of 2010 Infrastructure investments Projected traffic patterns Video Peer-to-peer Mobile computing

Telecommunications and Networks Business value of networks The Internet Network components Chapter 6a6a McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

6-29 Network Concepts Network An interconnected chain, group or system Number of possible connections on a network is N * (N-1) Where N = number of nodes (points of connections on the network) Example, if there are 10 computers on a network, there are 10 * 9 = 90 possible connections

6-30 Metcalfe’s Law The usefulness of a network equals the square of the number of users On a small network, a change in technology affects technology only On a large network like the Internet, a change in technology affects social, political and economic systems

6-31 Telecommunications Exchange of information in any form (voice, data, text, images, audio, video) over networks

6-32 Trends in Telecommunications

6-33 Open Systems Information systems that use common standards for hardware, software, applications and networks Internet networking technologies are a common standard for open systems Connectivity: Ability of networked computers to easily access and communicate with each other and share information Interoperability: The ability of an open system to enable end user applications to be accomplished using different varieties of computer systems, software packages, and databases provided by a variety of interconnected networks

6-34 Middleware Any programming that serves to “glue together” two separate programs

6-35 Digital Network Technologies Rapid change from analog to digital network technologies Analog: voice-oriented transmission, sound waves Digital: discrete pulse transmission Digital allows: Higher transmission speed Larger amounts of information Greater economy Lower error rates Multiple forms of communications on same circuit

6-36 Internet2 Next generation of the Internet High-performance network In use at 200 universities, scientific institutions, communications corporations

6-37 Business Value of Telecommunication Networks

6-38 The Internet Over 46 million servers (2004) 710 – 945 million users (2004) No central computer system No governing body No one owns it

6-39 Internet Service Provider ISP A company that specializes in providing easy access to the Internet For a monthly fee, you get software, user name, password and access ISPs are connect to one another through network access points

6-40 Popular uses of the Internet

6-41 Using the Internet for business

6-42 Business value of the Internet

6-43 An Intranet A network inside an organization That uses Internet technologies (such as Web browsers and servers, TCP/IP protocols, HTML, etc.) To provide an Internet-like environment within the organization For information sharing, communications, collaboration and support of business processes Protected by security measures Can be accessed by authorized users through the Internet

6-44 Enterprise Information Portal

6-45 Extranet Network links that use Internet technologies To connect the Intranet of a business With the Intranets of its customers, suppliers or other business partners

6-46 Extranet Uses