Gene Expression Protein coding gene Gene expression Genes control inherited variation via: DNA, RNA and protein Phenotype *Gene DNAPhenotypeRNAProtein.

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Gene Expression *Protein coding gene *Gene expression Genes control inherited variation via: DNA, RNA and protein Phenotype *Gene DNAPhenotypeRNAProtein ReplicationTranscriptionTranslation

Brief overview of transcription:

Transcription *RNA polymerase (from E. coli )  2  ’  Core Sigma factor Holoenzyme

Transcription Functions of a prokaryotic promoter: 1.ON/OFF Switch 2.Speed Switch 3.Alignment

Binding of RNA Polymerase to Promoters How tightly does core enzyme vs. holoenzyme bind DNA?

Transcription Initiation

Transcriptional Elongation:

Termination of Transcription Inverted Repeats and Hairpins The repeat at right is symmetrical around its center shown with a dot A transcript of this sequence is self- complementary –Bases can pair up to form a hairpin as seen in the lower panel

Termination of Transcription *Rho-independent termination

 factor Termination of Transcription *Rho-dependent termination