October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179,

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Presentation transcript:

October 5 th, 2015 What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have mass 176, 19 have mass 177, 27 have mass 178, 14 have mass 179, and 35 have mass 180.0? Electron Configurations: Chapter 5 sections 5.2 & 5.3

Why should I care? The number of electrons surrounding the nucleus determines all the chemical properties.

Electron Configuration: Shows the most stable arrangement of electrons around the nucleus. 1s 1 Energy Level Sublevel # of electrons

“S” Sublevel = Sphere Shaped 1 orbital Holds two (2) electrons

“P” Sublevel = Dumbbell Shaped Three (3) orbitals Holds two (2) electrons in each orbital (6 electrons total)

“D” Sublevel = Shaped like a cloverleaf Five (5) orbitals Holds two (2) electrons in each orbital (10 electrons total)

“F” Sublevel = Balloon Shaped Seven (7) orbitals Holds two (2) electrons in each orbital (14 electrons total)

SublevelOrbitalsElectrons s12 p36 d510 f714

H = __ 1s Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram H = 1s 1 ATOMIC NUMBER

Pauli Exclusion Principle: 2 electrons in an orbital must have opposite spin

He = __ 1s Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram He = 1s 2

1 st Energy Level 2 nd Energy Level 3 rd Energy Level 4 th Energy Level 5 th Energy Level 6 th Energy Level s s s s s s p p p p p d d d d f f f Can Hold:

Li = __ __ 1s2s Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram Li = 1s 2 2s 1

Aufbau Principle: Electrons are stable in the lowest energy level possible Aufbau comes from the German word aufbauprinzip which means building up.

Be= __ __ 1s2s Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram Be= 1s 2 2s 2

B = __ __ __ __ __ 1s2s 2p Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram B= 1s 2 2s 2 2p 1

Hund’s Rule: One electron enters each orbital until all have one of same spin, then pairs will be added.

C = __ __ __ __ __ 1s2s 2p Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram C= 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2

N = __ __ __ __ __ 1s2s 2p Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram N = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 3

O = __ __ __ __ __ 1s2s 2p Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram O = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 4

F = __ __ __ __ __ 1s2s 2p Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram F = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 5

Ne = __ __ __ __ __ 1s2s 2p Electron Configuration Orbital Filling Diagram Ne = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6

Rule of Eight: An atom is most stable when it has 8 electrons in its outer shell, called an Octet

__ __ __ __ __ 3d

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ 4f

Assignment Complete Electron Configurations & Orbital Diagram practice (WS) Finish atomic history (WS) Book Readings are due Friday.