Tool Use & Safety Tool Types Proper Tool Usage Safety

Types of Material Processing

Tools Used to Separate Material

Cutting Tools

Basic Rules of Cutting & Shaping  The larger the cutting tools teeth, the more material will be removed.  The farther the cutting tools teeth are from each other, the rougher the material will be.  Hence, the larger the teeth and the farther they are from each other….the greater amount of material removed and the rougher the surface.

Basic Rules of Cutting & Shaping Cont.  The wider the blade the straighter the cut.  When using hand tools (power or manual) use both hands.  Use jigs to guide a tool through a material.  Use fixtures to guide material through a tool.  Always clamp down projects when passing a cutting tool through a material (power or manual).

Assorted Hand Saws Crosscut Saw Tension / Back Saw Dove Tail Saw Hack Saw

Saw Teeth The position of the teeth determines what the direction of the cutting stroke will be. Teeth Direction Cutting Stroke

Single Tooth Cutting Tools Chisels Knife Plane

Planes

Files & Shapers

Files Used for shaping and the removal of intermediate amounts of material

Cleaning a File

Rasp Files

Surforms / Shapers

Hot Wire Foam Cutter Keep foam on table Never touch hot wire

Elements of Machine Tools

Cutting Motions \\

Table Saw

Band Saw

General Band Saw Safety  Set Guard height ¼ - ½ above thickness of material to be cut.  Only use the guard adjustment knob, never the blade tension (top) or positioning knob (back). Guard Adjustment Knob

Band Saw with Fixtures Use RIP FENCE to make repeated Or long straight cuts Use a MITER to make angled or straight cuts

Scroll Saw

Scroll Saw Chattering  Due to the reciprocating nature of the blade, the material can CHATTER (move up and down rapidly).  Avoid chattering by holding down firmly on material while advancing the material Up Down

Scroll Saw Additional Information  Adjust table height by loosening the adjustment knob under the table.  Jigs and Fixtures are not needed due to the freestyle cutting techniques. Adjustment Knob

Drilling General Rules for Drilling Make sure the bit is straight and secure in the chuck before starting. Make sure that the key is removed from work area before starting. Always clamp projects down to the table, or in a table vise. Always return drill bits to case when finished Proceed slowly when advancing the drill bit

Key vs. Keyless Drill Chucks Keyless Chuck Keyed Chuck Key

Assorted Drill Bits Hole Saws Forster Bit Common / Twist Drill Bit

Anatomy of a Drill Bit

Clamping Material Table height adjustment

Aligning the Drill Bit & Table  The hole in the center of the table is for the drill bit to pass through.  Align the bit so it can pass through the hole.  The idea is for the drill bit to go all the way through the material and into the hole…not into the table.

Aligning the Drill Bit & Table If the drill bit is to large to fit into the hole……. Get a piece of scrap wood to cover And protect the table.

Portable Drills

Sanders

Belt Sander  A minimum of ½ inch material thickness is required to use the sander.  This thickness provides adequate material to grip the material while using the machine Belt Type Sander

Disk Sander  When using smaller pieces of material, (on a counter clockwise rotating disk sander) use the left side of the table.  This will keep the material securely on the table

Portable Belt & Palm Sanders  Always secure material in a vise or with a clamp when using belt sanders and/or palm sanders.  Never use any sander unless all the safety guards are in place.

Sand Paper  Used to smooth objects, remove small amounts of material, and do minor shaping.  The number on the back determines how many sand granules per sq/in. Also known as grit.  The larger the number, the more grains per sq/in. 100 Grit 150 Grit 320 Grit