UNIT 5 Chapter 20 – The Atlantic World EUROPEAN EXPLORATION

CHAPTER 20: The Atlantic World, 1492–1800 Europeans explore and colonize the Americas, disrupting native civilizations, and build the slave trade to support plantations in the New World. Christopher Columbus, Spanish explorer, as young man. These are my notes for slide 2 SECTION 1 Spain Builds an American Empire SECTION 3 The Atlantic Slave Trade SECTION 4 The Columbian Exchange and Global Trade

OBJECTIVES CORE OBJECTIVE: Examine the era of European exploration and how it impacted the region. Objective 5.2: Identify the causes of the Atlantic Slave Trade. THEME: The countries of Europe will discover new lands in the Americas and try to increase their power and wealth by controlling those territories.

THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE CHAPTER 20 SECTION 3 THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE To meet their growing labor needs, Europeans enslave millions of Africans in the Americas.

CAUSES OF SLAVERY Slavery in Africa The Demand for Africans WRITE THIS DOWN! CAUSES OF SLAVERY Slavery in Africa Slavery likely began 10,000 years ago with prisoners of war used for farms Slavery has existed in Africa for centuries, but been minor practice Spread of Islam produces more slavery in Africa 17 million slaves transported to Middle East between 650 and 1600 AD. In African & Muslim lands, slaves have some rights and could earn freedom The Demand for Africans Need for workers in Americas raises demand for enslaved Africans Portuguese were the first to bring slaves in 1400s Africans withstand diseases, have farming skills, unlikely to escape Atlantic slave trade —forced movement of many Africans to Americas - By 1870 nearly 10 million Africans were transported as slaves

EUROPEAN SLAVERY Spain and Portugal Lead the Way WRITE THIS DOWN! EUROPEAN SLAVERY Spain and Portugal Lead the Way By 1650, about 300,000 enslaved Africans in Spanish colonies Portugal brings many more slaves to sugar plantations in Brazil England Dominates the Slave Trade From 1690 to 1807, England dominates slave trade About 400,000 enslaved Africans brought to North American colonies African Cooperation and Resistance Many African rulers capture people to be sold into slavery Later, some rulers protest the trade

TRADE The Triangular Trade Triangular trade — trade network linking Europe, Africa, Americas exchanging goods for slaves Trade routes: (1) manufactured goods move from Europe to Africa (2) people move from Africa to Americas (3) sugar, coffee, tobacco move from Americas to Europe WRITE THIS DOWN! The Middle Passage Voyage of enslaved Africans to Americas known as the middle passage As many as 20 percent of Africans die on these journeys

AFRICAN SLAVERY African societies suffer from loss of so many people WRITE THIS DOWN! AFRICAN SLAVERY A Harsh Life In Americas, captured Africans sold at auction to highest bidder Life is difficult: long work hours; poor food/housing/clothing; physical violence and death are common Resistance and Rebellion Many Africans maintain musical, cultural traditions Some resist by breaking tools or working slowly Some run away or take part in revolts African societies suffer from loss of so many people African families disrupted

THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE— Assessment For what is the Medici family famous? For being the greatest military leaders of the era For being writers For being religious reformers For being rulers and supporters of the arts Which of the following was NOT one of Italy’s advantages that led to the beginning of the Renaissance in that region? Smaller city-states that encouraged exchange of ideas Most of the gold in Europe was stored in Italian capitals A wealthy merchant class developed with abundant jobs The recovery and study of Greek and Roman manuscripts

THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE— Assessment For what is the Medici family famous? For being the greatest military leaders of the era For being writers For being religious reformers For being rulers and supporters of the arts Which of the following was NOT one of Italy’s advantages that led to the beginning of the Renaissance in that region? Smaller city-states that encouraged exchange of ideas Most of the gold in Europe was stored in Italian capitals A wealthy merchant class developed with abundant jobs The recovery and study of Greek and Roman manuscripts