By Pakeerat Chuprayoon Wannaporn Dechpinya

Electronic Numerical Integrator Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer and Computer The world’s first eletronic digital The world’s first eletronic digital computer computer

It was conceived and designed by John William Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert of the University of Pennsylania It was conceived and designed by John William Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert of the University of Pennsylania John William Mauchly J. Presper Eckert

weighed thirty tons, and consumed two hundred kilowatts of power weighed thirty tons, and consumed two hundred kilowatts of power Vacuum tube, over 19,000 of them Vacuum tube, over 19,000 of them fifteen hundred relays and hundreds of thousands of resistors, capacitors, and inductor fifteen hundred relays and hundreds of thousands of resistors, capacitors, and inductor

They were arranged in a "U" shape, with three panels on wheels They were arranged in a "U" shape, with three panels on wheels An IBM card and card punch An IBM card and card punch

The function of the machine was split into eight basic circuit components : - the accumulator- buffer - initiator- gate - master programmer - multiplier, divider/square-root - function tables

The ENIAC was programmed by wiring cable connections and setting three thousand switch on the table Another drawback on the machine was a side effect of its reliance on vacuum tubes, which tended to burn out very often Construction of the ENIAC was completed in the fall of 1945

Its very first application as to solve atomic enery problems for the Manhattan Project

Result of works in the first year Result of works in the first year compute ballistic trajectories compute ballistic trajectories weather prediction weather prediction cosmic ray studies in astronomy cosmic ray studies in astronomy random number studies random number studies Designing wind tunnel Designing wind tunnel

“ ABC ” Atanasoff-Berry Computer

In 1973 a U.S. District Court invalidated the ENIAC patent and concluded that ABC was the first “ COMPUTER ” The first electronic digital computing device Atanasoff-Berry Computer replica at 1 st floor or Durham Center, Iowa State University

The machine was conceived in 1937 by Dr.Atanasoff and Clifford E.Berry. Dr.AtanasoffClifford E.Berry

The ABC innovation included electronic computation, binary arithmetic, parallel processing, regenerative memory, and separation of memory and computing functions. The ABC innovation included electronic computation, binary arithmetic, parallel processing, regenerative memory, and separation of memory and computing functions. The system weighed more than 700 pounds The system weighed more than 700 pounds It contained approximately 1 mile of wire, 280 dual-triode vacuum tubes, 31 thyratrons. It contained approximately 1 mile of wire, 280 dual-triode vacuum tubes, 31 thyratrons.

1. Using binary digits 2. Performing all calculations using electronics 3. Computation and memory are separated.

* The memory was a pair of drums, each containing 1600 capacitors. * The logic functions were fully electronic, implemented with vacuum tubes. * It was not able to run entirely automatically through an entire problem.

Input and Output Primary user I/OIntermediate results I/O

 The ABC was designed for a specific purpose, the solution of systems of simultaneous linear equations.  The original ABC was eventually dismantled, when the University converted the basement to classrooms, and all of its pieces except for one memory drum were discarded.

Name Year Digital Binary Elec- tronic program- mable Turing complete ABC Yes No ENIAC 1946YesNoYes Partially, by rewiring Yes