Evolution (Part 3) Phylogeny & Classification

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Presentation transcript:

Evolution (Part 3) Phylogeny & Classification

Modern Taxonomy Diagrams Reflect Evolutionary History

Classification is Based on Evolutionary Relationships Phylogeny is the evolutionary history for a group of species Phylogenic tree – diagram reflecting evolutionary relationships between species in a branching pattern. Each branch point represents a common ancestor of the species above it. B A D C What is the common ancestor of the wolf, dog, skunk, and otter?

Cladistics & the Cladogram Cladistics - an approach to classification in which organisms are grouped together based on whether or not they share derived characteristics. A cladogram is an evolutionary tree diagram made using cladistics. Cladograms use derived characters to organize & arrange species (def.)Traits shared in different degrees represented by hash marks. More closely related species share the most derived characteristics

Sample Cladogram Constructing a Cladogram - YouTube

Cladogram Video & Worksheet MACKEN, MICHAEL / Evolution 4.6 Cladograms

The current tree of life has three domains.

The three domains in the tree of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Domains are the HIGHEST level of classification. There are 3 Domains: Eukarya Bacteria Archaea

Domain Bacteria includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Bacteria. largest groups on Earth classified by shape, need for oxygen, and diseases caused

Domain Archaea includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Archaea. cell walls chemically different from bacteria known for living in extreme environments “extremophiles”

Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. kingdom Protista

Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. 15.4 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. kingdom Protista kingdom Plantae

Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. 15.4 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. kingdom Protista kingdom Plantae kingdom Fungi

Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. 15.4 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. kingdom Protista kingdom Plantae kingdom Fungi kingdom Animalia

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