Origins of the Cold War 15-1

Lesson Objectives How did personal and political differences among Allied leaders lead to new global challenges?

The Yalta Conference _________________________________met to discuss the fate of Europe ___________________________. This meeting ended positively, but would lay the foundation for what would become the Cold War.

STOP. THINK. DISCUSS The Declaration of Liberated Europe Read the Primary Source – The Declaration of Liberated Europe, and answer the following questions What compromise did Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin, reach about Poland? What three things did the Big Three promise to help the peoples of Europe do? 3. Based on Stalin’s actions, do you think he would honor his word about a liberated Europe?

Poland The Soviets liberated Poland from Germany during the war. Stalin wanted to control ____________________ because it fell on the ‘Soviet Side’ of Europe. FDR and Churchill wanted Poles to _____________________ ____________________– free and sovereign FDR & Churchill agree to recognize Polish government set up by Soviets Stalin agrees the government will include prewar Polish government members and ________ ______________________ would be as soon as possible

Declaration of Liberated Europe The Big 3 all agreed European nations would have “________ ____________________of all people to choose the form of government under which they will live” Allies supported the idea of __________________________ __________________________ and promised to create temporary governments with free elections

Dividing Germany ____________________ - US, GB, France, SU Also divided up the capital _______________________ into 4 zones Tensions would later increase regarding German reparations Map Questions: In what zone in divided Germany was Berlin located? 2. Predict: What problem might this cause?

Tensions Begin to Rise Yalta decisions shaped expectations . . . Soviets pressure ______________ into appointing a _____________ Government ________________ refuse to allow more than 3 non-communist Poles in the Polish Government and _________________________of free elections as they had promised. US sees this as ___________________________ ______________________________________________________ US & Soviet Union become increasingly hostile toward each other. Era of competition and competition 1946 – 1990 = _________________ _________________ informs Soviets their actions are __________________________________

Soviet Security Concerns Tensions led to the Cold War because the two sides had different goals . . . Soviet Union Goals Encourage __________________________ in other nations Believed Lenin’s idea that capitalist countries would try to destroy communism made them _______________ ___________________________ Keep _______________ weak. Make sure countries between Germany and the Soviet Union were under __________________________ / Secure their borders

American Economic Issues Believed __________________ had caused WWII. Power, expansion and limited trade were all factors. ___________________________ was the key to _____________ and increasing world trade would do this. __________________________& free enterprise. Democratic governments with protected rights made countries stable & peaceful. Limited government intervention in the economy would lead to _____________

STOP THINK DISCUSS How can economic growth prevent a country from going to war?

Harry S. Truman Anti communist Believed WWII began because Hitler was appeased – would not ________________ _____________________________ Truman meets with Soviet Foreign Minister and _______ ____________________________ Poland as promised at Yalta. Important shift in American – Soviet relations and _________ _____________________________ _____________________________

Potsdam Conference Truman and Stalin meet to work out a deal on Germany Truman – __________________ is needed for Germany’s survival The rest of Europe will never recover if economy is not allowed to revive German people might turn to _____________________ out of desperation Stalin – War devastated Soviet economy – Stalin wanted Germany to pay _________________________________. Truman suggests Soviets take reparations from their zone only (mostly agricultural), allowing industry to revive in other zones. American and British control German industrial heartland Stalin accepts the terms but feels ________________________ are an attempt to keep the Soviets ______________________. Marks another ___________________ ___________________ ___________________between America and Soviet Union

Please Do Now! Using what we know about the Treaty of Versailles and the treatment of Germany, explain why President Truman was adamant about not crushing Germany with reparations?

An Iron Curtain descends over Europe… Soviet army in Eastern Europe ensures Pro-Soviet Communist governments in Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia ____________________________all Eastern European nations that SU had influence over Stalin felt you should be able to impose your own social system on all of your territories ________________________coined by Churchill Imaginary border that ran through Europe separating communist nations with non- communist nations

Label the map of Europe after WWII – label the following Norway Sweden Finland United Kingdom Portugal Spain Italy France Luxembourg Belgium Netherlands Denmark West Germany Austria Switzerland East Germany Poland Soviet Union Czechoslovakia Hungary Yugoslavia Bulgaria Greece Turkey Romania Albania Communist Non Communist Iron Curtain

EXIT OUT Create an ACROSTIC POEM using the term COLD WAR. C O L D W A R