The Chemistry of Life Part 1 Topic

Most frequently occurring chemical elements in living things are: C, H, O, N Additional important elements include: S, Ca, P, Fe, Na

State one role for each of the elements listed on the previous slide C – H – O – N – P – S – Ca – P – Na – Fe -

Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of water. Show their polarity and hydrogen bond formation

Outline the thermal, cohesive and solvent properties of water

Explain the relationship between the properties of water and its uses in living organisms as a coolant, medium for metabolic reactions and transport medium Coolant – Metabolic reactions – Transport medium –

Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds OrganicInorganic compounds containing carbon that do not contain found in living orgs, carbon (exception of hydrogencarbonates, carbonates, and oxides of carbon)

Identify amino acids, glucose, ribose and fatty acids from each other structurally

Carbohydrates Types: Monosaccharides: monomer; CH2O; Function: Energy Examples:

Disaccharide function – Transport of monomer nutrients Examples:

Polysaccharides Function: Energy storage; structural Examples: CelluloseChitin

Polysaccharides cont’d StarchGlycogen

State one function of Glucose: Lactose: Glycogen: (in animals) And Fructose: Sucrose Cellulose (in plants)

Outline condensation (dehydration synth) and hydrolysis reactions between: Carbs – Monosaccharides and disaccharides And Monosaccharides and polysaccharides

Outline condensation (dehydration synth) and hydrolysis reactions between: Glycerol and fatty acids to form a triglyceride (fat)

Outline condensation (dehydration synth) and hydrolysis reactions between: Amino acids and polypeptides

State three functions of lipids

Lipids Function: Liqid fat: oils Solid fat: animal fat Types: fats, steroids, waxes

Compare the use of carbohydrates and lipids in energy storage