The Maurya Empire 321 BCE – 185 BCE Chandragupta : 321 - 298 BCE  First emperor of Mauryan Dynasty  Unified subcontinent of India under strong central.

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The Maurya Empire 321 BCE – 185 BCE

Chandragupta : BCE  First emperor of Mauryan Dynasty  Unified subcontinent of India under strong central government.  Divided his empire into provinces, then districts for tax assessments and law enforcement.  His administration of the empire would be copied and imitated by other Indian Dynasties

Ashoka (304 – 232 BCE)  Greatest Mauryan Emperor – grandson of Emperor – grandson of Chandragupta Chandragupta  Converted to Buddhism after the gruesome battle of Kalinga in 262 BCE.  Dedicated his life to Buddhism.  Built extensive roads across India.  Spread  Teachings of Buddhism throughout India by building Stupas, temples, shrines.

Ashoka’s Empire

Asoka’s law code  Edicts scattered in more than 30 places in India, Nepal, Pakistan, & Afghanistan.  Written mostly in Sanskrit, but one was in Greek and Aramaic.  10 rock edicts.  Each pillar [stupa] is 40’-50’ high.  Buddhist principles dominated his laws.

One of Asoka’s Stupas

Asoka Movie Poster, 2001

Spread of Buddhism  From India to China - Buddhist monks, merchants, and missionaries traveled along the Silk Road and across Asia.

Gupta Empire: 320 CE – 647 CE

Gupta Rulers  Chandra Gupta I  r. 320 – 335 CE  “Great King of Kings”  Chandra Gupta II  r CE  Profitable trade with the Mediterranean world!  Hindu revival.  Huns invade – 450 CE

Gupta Wealth Thru Trade: 4c Gupta Wealth Thru Trade: 4c spices spices gold & ivory rice & wheat horses cotton goods silks

Medicine Literature Mathematics Astronomy Printed medicinal guides 1000 diseases classified Plastic Surgery C-sections performed Inoculations 500 healing plants identified Decimal System Concept of Zero PI = Kalidasa Solar Calendar The earth is round Gupta India Gupta Golden Age Achievements Gupta

During Gupta Rule India had A Golden Age During Gupta Rule India had A Golden Age A time of peace, prosperity and cultural achievements in math, medicine, astronomy and the arts.

The Decline of the Guptas  Invasion of the White Huns in the 4c signaled the end of the Gupta Golden Age.  After the decline of the Gupta empire, north India broke into a number of separate Hindu kingdoms and was not really unified again until the coming of the Muslims in the 7c. Something to think about… Is the best literature and art written as the civilization is on the rise, at its height, or in its decline?