Standard/Objective: S6E5.b. Investigate the contribution of minerals to rock composition..

EQ: What are rocks made of?

Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances.

What is a mineral? Naturally occurring (No human input) Non-organic (they are not made by life processes) Characteristic chemical composition Distinctive physical properties Crystalline structure

Name four properties (or clues) that scientists use to identify minerals. Color, luster, streak, and hardness

Which property means the way the light bounces off the mineral?

Luster: How minerals reflect light

What words can be used to describe a mineral’s luster? Glassy, dull, shiny, greasy

Why is color not a good property to use to identify a mineral? Many minerals have the same color. slate limestone

Cleavage & Fracture Cleavage: planes of weakness along which minerals can break Fracture: surfaces along which minerals can break

Cleavage & Fracture Best identified on a fracture surface

Streak: The powdered form of a mineral

What are three testers that can be used to determine a mineral’s hardness? fingernail, penny, nail

Hardness Based on Moh’s scale of hardness

Find the Definition for the following vocabulary word in the Text. Mineral-Naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and an orderly internal atomic structure. Crystal- solid in which the atoms are arranged in orderly, repeating pattern. Silicate- minerals that contain silicon and oxygen and usually one or more other elements Hardness-Measure oh how easily a mineral can be scratched Luster-describes the way a mineral reflects light from its surface; can be metallic or nonmetallic Streak-color of a mineral when it is in powdered from. Cleavage- minerals that break along smooth, flat surfaces Fracture- minerals that break with uneven, rough or jagged surfaces Specific gravity- the ratio of its weight compared with the weight of an equal volume of water.