{ Week 22 Biology

Must Do - New Unit Page  Title: Unit 4 – Evolution  Write three questions you have that you would like answered during this unit.  Write a small paragraph stating what you already know about evolution.  On the next right page, create a new “Must do” section  On the following right page, create a WWK section. Unit 4: Evolution My Questions:  Question 1  Question 2  Question 3 What I already know: Write a statement of what you already know about evolution from other classes or otherwise. Unit 4: Evolution My Questions:  Question 1  Question 2  Question 3 What I already know: Write a statement of what you already know about evolution from other classes or otherwise.

 Answer quickly without discussing with your classmates  Answer honestly  AND THINK OF THE CORN CHIPS! GMOs survey

  Natural Selection - The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species WWK

 You will examine natural selection in a small population of “wild rabbits”.  Evolution, on a genetic level, is a change in the frequency of alleles in a population over a period of time.  Breeders of rabbits have long been familiar with a variety of genetic traits that affect the survivability of rabbits in the wild, as well as in breeding populations.  One such trait is the trait for furless rabbits (naked bunnies).  Why would furless rabbits be an uncommon trait? Breeding Bunnies

 On the first right page following your WWK page, glue the “Breeding Bunnies” handout with a glue stick.  How does natural selection affect gene frequency over several generations?  Write a hypothesis in the If….then… format.  If this is changed then this will be affected.  Be specific, think about the variables Breeding Bunnies

 Note: In this lab, the dominant allele for normal fur is represented by F and the recessive allele for no fur is represented by f. Bunnies that inherit two F alleles or one F and one f allele have fur, while bunnies that inherit two fs have no fur.  Write a prediction… Breeding Bunnies

 Get a blank piece of paper and divide it into three equal sections (this will be your green country side where the rabbits live)  Label the first section FF, the second Ff, and the third ff.  Draw two beans at a time from the bag and place them in the appropriate section of the paper.  Also make a mark in the appropriate section of your data sheet next to generation one.  Do this until all of the beans are gone then STOP and wait for your classmates. While you wait total the alleles on your data sheet. Breeding Bunnies

 Determine the gene frequency of F and f for generation one and record them in the chart in the columns labeled "Gene Frequency F" and "Gene Frequency f."  To find the gene frequency of F, divide the number of F by the total, and to find the gene frequency of f, divide the number of f by the total.  Express results in decimal form. The sum of the frequency of F and f should equal one for each generation. Breeding Bunnies

 Remove all of the rabbits (beans) from the ff section of your paper and put them to the side.  Replace the rabbits in the FF and Ff sections back into the bag. Winter is coming!

 Repeat for each generation on your data sheet… Breeding Bunnies

{ Must Do In science, we frequently talk about scientific laws, such as Newton’s Laws of Motion, the Law of Inertia, or the Law of Gravity. We also talk about scientific theories, such as the Cell Theory, the Theory of Natural Selection, the Theory of Evolution, and the Big Bang Theory. The Theory of Evolution was first introduced by Charles Darwin in  A. Explain your view of the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory. How are they similar and how are they different?  B. Do you think the Theory of Evolution will ever become the Law of Evolution? Explain your answer.

 Record your group's frequencies on the rolling board so your classmates can see them.  Graph your frequencies. USE RULERS Prepare a graph (on graph paper glued into your notebook) with the horizontal axis as the generation and the vertical axis as the frequency in decimals. Plot all frequencies on one graph. First, plot your own data. Use a solid line for F and a dashed line for f. Then plot the class totals. Use the same symbols for each group but a different color. Breeding Bunnies

1. 1. What was your original hypothesis? Based on your lab data, do you need to change your hypothesis? Explain Compare the number of alleles for the dominant characteristic with the number of alleles for the recessive characteristic Compare the frequencies of the dominant allele to the frequencies of the recessive allele In a real rabbit habitat new animals often come into the habitat (immigrate), and others leave the area (emigrate). How might emigration and immigration affect the gene frequency of F and f in this population of rabbits? How might you simulate this effect if you were to repeat this activity? How do your results compare with the class data? If significantly different, why are they different? 7. How are the results of this simulation an example of evolution? Breeding Bunnies

 interactives/charles-darwin-game/

Must Do 1. What is evolution? 2. How did conditions when Earth first formed compare to how they are today? 3. How did there come to be so many different kinds of birds? 4. What makes species change or evolve? 5. How long does evolution take? 6. Why do species become extinct?