Unit 3 Writing Modes: or Organizing a Paper

Question: What are “writing modes”? Provide patterns for writing  Sentences  Paragraphs  Papers Match organization to purpose 1.Cause and Effect 2.Comparison and Contrast 3.Process Analysis

Cause and effect Cause and effect – Explains or analyzes the causes and effects of something oCause  Effect oMultiple causes  Effect oCause(s)  Multiple effects oChain of causes (one thing leads to another, which leads to another…) Rube Goldberg machines

Cause and effect Cause and effect signals oBecause… oIf… then…. oAs a result…. Cause and effect structures

Comparison and/or Contrast Compare – Show likenesses Round Fruits Seeds Red Whole Pome Orange Half Citrus Contrast – Show differences oSometimes teachers ask for one when they want both.

Comparison/contrast Comparison and/or contrast signals oLikewise…However… oSimilarly…In contrast… oIn the same way…On the other hand… Comparison/contrast structure Organize by what’s compared Apples Shape Color Oranges Shape Color Organize by standard of comparison Shape Apple Orange Color Apple Orange

Process Process Analysis – Explains how something is done, made, or works, or how it came to be Great examples on HowStuffWorks.com

Process Signals Process Analysis: Although photography is a complex process, the amateur version of this art usually involves simple steps. First, the photographer loads the film into an analog camera. Next, the person behind the camera arranges the desired image, makes sure the flash is engaged and film advanced if necessary, and presses the shutter button. Finally, when the film roll is complete, the photographer takes the film to a developing lab and awaits the results. Other signals:  Before…  During…  After…  Later…  While… or as…

Mix-and-match Modes Use one mode within another Process Paper: Photography Step 1: Choose a subject. Step 2: Decide between film or digital Comparison/Contrast Film vs. Digital