MONDAY

STANDARDS/OBJECTIVES   Explain the purpose and motivations of subversive groups during Reconstruction and their rise to power after the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.  By the end of today’s lesson, you will be able to describe the goals of subversive groups.

PEOPLE’S FEELINGS  There were many people in the South that fought for the Confederacy during the Civil war.  When the War ended, they still held Confederate views.  They didn’t believe that the newly freemen should have the same rights as others.  These people formed subversive groups.

SUBVERSIVE  A subversive group is a group of people who gather together in order to damage or hurt another group of people.  The damage is not always done through physical violence, but often is.

WHY DID SUBVERSIVE GROUPS FORM?  To intimidate the freedmen  The most infamous of these was the Ku Klux Klan (KKK).  Originally the KKK was made of ex-Confederate soldiers, but later included other people.

GOALS OF KKK  The goal of the KKK was to use violence, intimidation, voter fraud and lying to keep African Americans from exercising their rights in the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th amendments.  Some examples of violence and intimidation: Public lynching and cross burnings

TRYING TO STOP KKK  The government tried to control the KKK and stop them from intimidating freemen, but was not successful.  After further intimidation, these groups bargained with the government.  They said they would stop some of the harassment if the government takes the military out of the South.  This Compromise of 1877 resulted in the end of Reconstruction and African Americans were abandoned by the federal government.  Soon southern governments were passing laws to limit the rights of African Americans.

GUIDED PRACTICE  Think-Pair-Share  With your partner, take turns sharing facts about Subversive groups.  Partner A: Today, I learned that subversive groups…  Partner B: That was a good point. I also learned that..  Keep this going until time is up.

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE  Complete the exit slip assessment for subversive groups. 1. What is a subversive group? 2. What is one of the most infamous subversive groups? 3. When the KKK agreed to “stop” their actions, what was the deal that was made?

EFFECTS ON POPULATIONS By: Mrs. Coates

TUESDAY

STANDARD/OBJECTIVE   Compare the political, economic, and social effects of Reconstruction on different populations in the South and in other regions of the United States.  Today, you will compare the effects of Reconstruction on the Southern Elite and the African Americans.

REVIEW  How did slavery end?  What was an effect the end of slavery had on the South?  Who was affected by the Civil War?

EFFECT ON SOUTHERN ELITE  The southern elite wanted to rebuild their cotton businesses.  This would help them gain more power again.  As a result of losing their enslaved work force and a lack of cash to hire free workers, Southern planters were forced to find another way to work their land.  They entered into sharecropping relationships with freedmen.  Some land owners lost their land during Reconstruction.  Most landowners continued to own their land and be the social elite of the South.  They had economic control over the sharecroppers and they regained political control as a result of the end of Reconstruction.

AFRICAN AMERICANS  To African Americans, freedom meant literally that they could leave the plantation and do whatever they wanted to do.  Most looked to reunite their families and meet the needs of all their families.  Freedmen were often denied the opportunity to own land.  African Americans were willing to enter into sharecropping agreements.  They moved away from the Big House to the plot of land they worked.  They refused work in the same conditions they were in previously.  Many sought the opportunity to attend school and to worship as they pleased.  They voted and elected African Americans and white Republicans who supported their interests to political offices.

GUIDED PRACTICE  You are each going to make a “Reconstruction Populations” book.  Today, you will complete the Elite Southerners and African Americans pages in your booklets.  You will write 3 facts on each page with a partner.

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE  Write 2 statements comparing Reconstruction effects on Elite Southerners and African Americans.  Example: Many Southern Elite could own land, however African Americans were denied the right to own land.

WEDNESDAY

STANDARD/OBJECTIVE   Compare the political, economic, and social effects of Reconstruction on different populations in the South and in other regions of the United States.  Today, you will compare the effects of Reconstruction on the poor whites and Northerners.

REVIEW  What effects did Reconstruction have on African Americans?  What effects did Reconstruction have on the Southern Elite?

POOR WHITES  For poor whites, the Reconstruction period allowed some to have a political voice for the first time.  Because they cooperated with the Republican government in the South, they were called ‘scalawags’ by the Southern elite and remained in a position of social inferiority.  Some poor whites entered into sharecropping or tenant farming relationships with landowners.  They were economically dependent on the land owner for land and credit.  These poor farmers needed cash advances on crops in order to feed their families while they waited for the harvest.  Often the harvest did not cover the debt or the farmer needed to borrow again the next year in order to sustain his family.  This kept the sharecropper in a condition of constant debt and poverty.

NORTHERNERS  Some Northerners moved to the South during Reconstruction.  Southerners accused these Northerners of taking advantage of the South, devastated by the war, and called them “carpetbaggers.”  This name suggested that they were people who packed all their belongings in a carpetbag to come south to line their own pockets.  Most of the Northern migrants came as missionaries and entrepreneurs to help educate the freedmen and rebuild the economy of the South.

GUIDED PRACTICE  You are each going to make a “Reconstruction Populations” book.  Today, you will complete the Poor Whites and Northerners pages in your booklets.  You will write 3 facts on each page with a partner.

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE  Write 2 statements comparing Reconstruction effects on Poor Whites and Northerners.  Example: Both Poor Whites and Northerners had negative views towards them, for being scalawags and carpetbaggers.

THURSDAY

STANDARD/OBJECTIVES   Summarize the aims and course of Reconstruction, including the effects of Abraham Lincoln’s assassination, Southern resistance to the rights of freedmen, and the agenda of the Radical Republicans.   Explain the effects of Reconstruction, including new rights under the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments; the actions of the Freedmen’s Bureau; and the move from a plantation system to sharecropping   Explain the purpose and motivations of subversive groups during Reconstruction and their rise to power after the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.   Compare the political, economic, and social effects of Reconstruction on different populations in the South and in other regions of the United States.  Today you will complete a study guide about your Reconstruction Unit.

PROCEDURES  Work with a small group of 2-3, complete the study guide.  Play trashcan ball to go over the answers.  Test will be Tuesday, September 22 nd !!!!