The Internet It’s a jungle out there … In the beginning …  The Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork (ARPANET) is the predecessor to the Internet:

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Presentation transcript:

The Internet It’s a jungle out there …

In the beginning …  The Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork (ARPANET) is the predecessor to the Internet: –Developed at the request of the Department of Defense by a team of visionary computer scientists –Launched in 1969 –Its peer-to-peer networking philosophy and protocols were copied in other networks in the 1980s –Disbanded in 1990, having fulfilled its research mission, but its technology spawned the Internet

THE INTERNET  The Internet: an interconnected network of thousands of networks –Links academic, research, government, and commercial institutions  Connects computers all over the world. –Growing too fast to measure its growth –Too decentralized to quantify –A network with no hard boundaries

How does the information flow?  Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, TCP/IP… –At the heart of the Internet –Allows cross-network communication

TCP  Transmission Control Protocol breaks messages into packets –Each packet has all the information needed to travel from network to network

IP Address  Host systems called routers determine how to route transmissions –IP is the address for the packets –Each Internet host computer has a unique IP address (about 3.3 billion available) –Each address is comprised of four sets of numbers separated by periods, such as

Address for the  is really

Internet Addresses  The host is named using DNS (domain name system), which translates IP addresses into a string of names –Top-level domains include:.edu - educational sites.com - commercial sites.gov - government sites.mil - military sites.net - network administration sites.org – non-profit organizations

Internet Addresses Ctd.  Every country also has a unique domain.ca – Canada.us – United States.uk – United Kingdom.jp – Japan.tv - Tuvalu

$ Tuvalu $  11,636 people on a tiny group of islands  In 2000 a California company DotTV agreed to pay Tuvalu $50 million for the right to auction.tv domains for the next 12 years.

Web page Protocols  HTML was created for encoding and displaying documents  An HTML document includes code that determines the format, layout, and structure of a Web document  Hyper Text Markup Language  Hyperlink – a link to another document Hyperlink

What the “www”  World Wide Web  Designed in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee a scientist  An easy method of surfing the Internet (loading documents)

Life before WWW

URL need this …  Uniform Resource Locator - a standard naming scheme for every information resource on the Internet  A typical URL looks like this: 

URL Breakdown Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Domain Name Domain Extension Path File Resource

Web browser  An application for viewing documents from remote locations  They translate HTML into readable text and pictures

Internet Access ConnectionSpeedSlower when Cost ($)/month Dialup Phone and modem 56 KbsModem is junk $10-20 DSL Shares phone line Up to 50x faster Further you are from switch $40-50 Cable Shares cable TV line Up to 100x faster More users online $40-50

Sources    htm htm   S S0001  geos/tv.html geos/tv.html