Free Powerpoint Templates Page 1 Free Powerpoint Templates Chapter 2 Lab 2.1 HOSTING YOUR SITE

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 2 CONTENTS Hosting Options UNIX or NT Sizing a Server Domain Names

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 3 Lab 2.1:How are Sites Hosted? Host –A computer connected to the Internet with an address A web server is a host –Where can you locate your web server? –How can you connect your web server to the Internet?

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 4 Hosting Options Set up your own web server Co-location Virtual host Personal-Page sites (ISP) Free-Page sites

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 5 Hosting Options- Your Own Web Server Gives you complete control over your site Need to purchase a suitable machine, get it connected to the Internet and make sure it is properly backed up, secured and monitored. Having your own machine gives you the best flexibility

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 6 Your Own Web Server Issues Cost of server hardware and software Operations –Backup –24/7 –Power Supplies Security –Protecting your server –Protecting other peoples’ resources

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 7 Co-Located/Dedicated Server If the flexibility of having your own machine is appealing but the price of a high- speed connection is prohibitive, consider a co-located server

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 8 Co-located Server Issues You must supply the server You must administer Fees to ISP for service BUT - Good connectivity to Internet - No local floor-space required

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 9 Dedicated Server Issues Not your own server Fees to ISP service BUT –Much easier to set up –24/7 support –Good connectivity to the Internet

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 10 Virtual Hosts Allows you to have your own domain and it’s fairly inexpensive Must share a machine with other domains Cheaper than a dedicated server

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 11 Virtual Host Issues Shared server Limited or no server programming access Standard solutions BUT –Inexpensive –Good connectivity to Internet

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 12 Personal-Page Site Most ISPs will not let you register a domain name for your personal page A personal page is good for just that: Personal use ISP standard offering Very limited storage Not for commercial use May be free with some ISPs

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 13 Free-Page Site An option if you have a particularly tight budget or just want some Web space to play around with A number of companies provide free Web space –Examples: Blogspot.com, Wetpaint.com

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 14 Free-Page Site Issues Probably won’t support server-side scripting, Ecommerce or other tools May not be able to FTP files to the server or limited May have to create all the pages manually Limited size

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 15 Lab 2.2 – Hosting your Own Server Objectives –Understand what is required to put a server On the Internet

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 16 What’s it used for You should determine the main purpose of your server Typically, if you’re setting up a Web server, you’ll have some business justification for it Money-selling products on a Web site

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 17 Getting Connected-1 Requirements needed: Bandwidth Amount of data that can be carried out from one point to another Modem connections Great for setting up a small server Cheap Easy to set up Don’t require any other fancy network hardware or wiring

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 18 Getting Connected-2 ISDN Provide more than twice the bandwidth of a 56K model Only piece of hardware required to hook up a single server Costs slightly more thank a normal modem Service is more expensive also Cable and DSL Becoming more widely available Increasingly affordable

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 19 Getting Connected-3 T-1 and T-3 connection –More bandwidth than DSL can provide –These connection use twisted-pair cable –Typically provided by telephone companies OC line –Optical connection –Faster connection than T-1 and T-3

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 20 Networking Static IP Address - needed for a web server - never changes - allows other domains to connect to your server Dynamic IP address - different on each dial-up - acceptable for dial-up Internet access - inappropriate for running web based services

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 21 Router and DNS Router –A device that sends packets from one network to another –Router knows which packets are local to your internal network and which should be forwarded to your ISP Domain Name System (DNS) –Allows us to access computers on the Internet via a name and not just an IP address

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 22 Server Hardware Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) –Will keep your server running during brief power outages –A good UPS, will tell your server to shut down gracefully during a power outage –And bring it back up once power is returned –Will also condition the power, making sure that the voltage doesn’t fluctuate System RAM –Will give better and faster processor speed

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 23 Lab 2.3 – UNIX vs. NT After completing –Understand the Major differences between Windows NT and UNIX –Determine which Operating System best fits your needs

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 24 UNIX Created by AT&T Bell La in 1960s Has supported TCP/IP networking for a long time Network functionality is built into the OS nicely Designed from the beginning to be a multiuser, multitasking operating system Allows many people to use a single machine, and many programs to run simultaneously

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 25 UNIX-1 Very scalable –Scalability- a term used to describe how well your OS and applications will run on a wide range of hardware configuration Primarily a command-driven, text-based operating systems Examples: –Sun’s Solaris, IBM AIX, HP-UX, SGI IRIX, FreeBSD, SCO and Linux

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 26 LINUX A version of UNIX Was created in the 1990s as a small project by a computer science student in Finland Source code is freely available Works well on limited hardware Robusts Very versatile Requires investment in learning Becoming extremely popular for web server

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 27 Windows NT Closed-proprietary Limited hardware platform choice GUI oriented Easy to learn Getting more robust

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 28 Networking P2P networking –Each PC can initiate a connection with any other computer on the network –Sharing of information

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 29 Security If your server is going to be accessible on the Internet, you need to be concerned about the security of your machine. NT and UNIX Security –Provide access permissions to control access to file by system users

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 30 Don’t be state of the Art You may be tempted to upgrade your server’s OS when a new revision comes out or install the newest major release of server software right way –DON’T BE!!! Contains bug Unrealible

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 31 Lab 2.4- Sizing your Server If you are running your own server, you need to be on the lookout for performance problems Is the network saturated with traffic? Is the server running near capacity? If your site is hosted on an ISPs machine

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 32 BANDWIDTH and NETWORK CAPACITY Bandwidth –Used to describe the capacity or speed of a network NETWORK CONNECTIONSPEAK HTTPOPS/SEC 56K modem0.5 T110 T3300 OC3900

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 33 BANDWIDTH and NETWORK CAPACITY Network Capacity –To get a feel for how many people are visiting your site, check the Web Server Log files

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 34 Server Performance Very often the bottleneck for your Web server is the network connection to the Internet Even a small, inexpensive machine can keep up with a large number of hits.

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 35 Lab 2.5 Domain Names One key to having a good site Allows people to access your site easily by pointing their browsers at your domain All must have IP addresses but names are easier to remember Makes a statement about your site before a user even views it Your domain name is owned by you, you can change ISPs without having to change your address

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 36 Domain Names Top-level domain category.comCommercial domains.orgNonprofit organisations.netCompanies that supports networks.eduEducational institution.govUS Federal govt agencies.milUS Military organization

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 37 TLD- by countries Different countries used different domains Your organization may need to be geographically located in that particular country.usUnited States.auAustralia.caCanada.jpJapan.sw.uk Sweden United Kingdom

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 38 Registering a Domain Available on first-come, first server basis If registered already, purchase the rights to the name from the current owner You’ll need a few things to register a domain: –A domain name that hasn’t already been registered –A Valid address –Name and addresses of your Primary and Secondary DNS servers –A Credit Card(pay online)

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 39 Maintaining Your Domain Once registration of your domain is complete, its up to your ISP to add your domain and IP addresses to their name server Network Solutions –Uses address as authentication –Check the ISP changes

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 40 The End