Slide 1 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Bob Heile, Chair Solutions for the Last 10 Meters: An Overview of IEEE Working Group on WPANs

Slide 2 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 The Problem Wires are a problem –Get broken –Get lost –Get in the Way –Get misconnected Overview

Slide 3 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 People who carry a watch, pager, cell phone, PDA, and personal stereo have at least –Four displays –Two input devices –Four speakers –One microphone –Two long range communications links Overview The Problem

Slide 4 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Unnecessary Duplication of –Information –Hardware I/O components –Software functions –Data entry Overview The Problem

Slide 5 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Bluetooth?? HomeRF SWAP and Firefly?? ?? ?? Other?? Overview The Solution

Slide 6 Bob Heile-May 16, Mission Work closely with and build consensus among groups having an interest in WPANs like Bluetooth, HomeRF, and Provide an open forum to debate alternative proposals Create Standards that meet the requirements of WPANs and have broad market appeal. Deal effectively with coexistence and interoperability in a shared medium Overview

Slide 7 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 IEEE P802, a Family of Standards Overview

Slide 8 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 IEEE 802 Wireless Vision Statement Base Standard –2.4GHz Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (1Mbit/s) –2.4GHZ Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (2Mbit/s) –Infrared (1Mbit/s) a 5GHz Extension (>20Mbit/s) b 2.4GHz Extension (>8Mbit/s) Wireless Personal Area Networks Broadband Wireless Access (LMDS) “IEEE 802 is the focal point for Wireless LAN standards.” Jim Carlo Source: Jim Carlo, 802 Chair [JC-802-Consortium.PDF] can be downloaded from the following URL: ftp://ftp.flexipc.com/wearablesgroup/802/ Overview

Slide 9 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Continuum of needs for wireless products No one solution can fill all needs Family of complementary devices High performance, higher cost Low performance, low cost WPAN Positioning Statement Overview

Slide 10 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 WPAN Project History Started in 1997 as ‘ad hoc’ group within IEEE Portable Applications Standards Committee (PASC) At the time, no other Groups or Standards Bodies dealing with the problem In March 1998 a Study Group was formed within to develop a Project Authorization Request (PAR) In March 1999, IEEE Working Group for WPANs established Kick-off Meeting July5-9 in Montreal-61 people attending, 39 achieved voting status Overview

Slide 11 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 WPAN Related Activities Bluetooth--over 1800 Companies Participating Formed May 20, 1998 Spec v1.0-July 99 HomeRF/Firefly-- over 100 Companies Formed March 4, 1998 Spec Dec 98(swap)/Dec over 70 Companies Participating Target Standard Nov Overview

Slide 12 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 IEEE Charter Build on emerging industry specifications Provide an open forum to debate these proposals Identify substantive issues Build consensus on solutions Goal is to create standards that have: –broad market applicability –deal with the issues of coexistence and interoperability –widely used The IEEE P WPAN Working Group is chartered with developing Personal Area Network standards for short distance wireless networks Overview

Slide 13 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Current Project Activity : Task Group 1 on 1Mbits/s WPAN based on the Bluetooth Radio 1 Specification –approved March : Task Group 2 on Coexistence for Wireless Applications operating in the Unlicensed Bands –approved November : Task Group 3 on 20+Mbits/s WPANs for Multimedia and Digital Imaging –approved March Overview

Slide 14 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 P Functional Organization Chart Overview

Slide 15 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 How IEEE 802 Establishes a Standard Overview

Slide 16 Bob Heile-May 16, Task Group 1 Bluetooth Bluetooth

Slide 17 Bob Heile-May 16, Key Requirements Worldwide spectrum allocations for unlicensed bands such as 2.4GHz Up to 10 meters range Low Cost: i.e., relative to target device Small Size e.g., ~.5 cubic inches( excludes antenna & battery) Power Management: Very Low current consumption (Average 20mw or 10% Tx/Rx load) Bluetooth

Slide 18 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Asynchronous or connection-less data links Synchronous, and connection-oriented links Allow coexistence of multiple Wireless PAN’s in the same area (20 within 400 square feet) Allow coexistence of multiple Wireless Systems such as P in the same area Delivered Data Throughput at the MAC SAP: ( ) kbit/s (actual 1 device to 1 device) Bluetooth Key Requirements

Slide 19 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Results of CFPs and Submissions IEEE HomeRF LiteBluetoothIntermec 3. November 13, 1998 or sooner IEEE Bluetooth 5/20/98 GTE 5/22/98 Intermec 5/22/98 M/A-COM 5/22/98 1. May 22, 1998 or sooner HomeRF 3/4/98 IEEE HomeRF LiteBluetoothIntermec 4. January 15, 1999 or sooner KodakIEEE HomeRF LiteBluetoothGTEIntermecMotorola 2. July 10, 1998 or sooner M/A-COMIEEE HomeRF Lite (Firefly) BluetoothIntermec 5. March 8, 1999 or sooner Kodak Wireless Personal Area Networking Call For Proposals Liaison Convergence Achieved Convergence HappeningPossible Convergence Bluetooth 6. July 1, 1999 or sooner Bluetooth

Slide 20 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 WPAN Comparison of WPAN Requirements with IEEE GHz radio Freq. Hopping Spread Spectrum 2.4 GHz radio Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Infra- Red 1 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 1 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s Legend: italic (and red) = optional Higher data rate extension in 2.4 GHz b Higher data rate extension in 5 GHz a 11 & 5.5 Mbit/s Mbit/s MAC Lower data rate extension in 2.4 GHz x <1Mbit/s MAC Lite Bluetooth

Slide 21 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000  ~Jun97 - Idea for standard  Mar98 - Find Sponsor  Feb99 - Submit PAR  Mar99 - Approve PAR  Jul99 - Organize working group  4Q99 - Develop draft standard 2Q00 - Ballot draft standard ? - Approve draft standard ? - Publish approved standard Right now the Task Group 1 is here Bluetooth

Slide 22 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000  Write scope and purpose  Examine related standards and publications  Draft outline Fill in outline Revise, revise, revise Finalize document What Task Group 1 is now doing You are here Bluetooth

Slide 23 Bob Heile-May 16, Proposed Timeline for Initial Standard & Beyond Jul Initial Discussion on Proposal submissions Sep Review initial draft standard. If Bluetooth specification is the only complete proposal, understand and present what problems, if any, it will create for other 802 standards. If minimal, base draft on BT spec. Sept 1999-Initiate Call for Interest and form Study Group(s) to quickly initiate new PARs for other distinct functional classes of WPANs (HRF, Kodak, low end, etc) Nov Initial draft ready for WG ballot. New PAR(s) reviewed by Excom Jan First Ballot complete, second ballot kicked off. Parallel TG(s) formed Mar Second Letter Ballot complete Jul Third Letter Ballot complete Sep Draft ready for IEEE sponsor ballot Dec Approval by IEEE Standards Board Bluetooth

Slide 24 Bob Heile-May 16, Task Group 2 Coexistence of Wireless Applications in the Unlicensed Bands Coexistence

Slide 25 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Need for a Coexistence Recommended Practice It is important that IEEE WPAN devices coexist with other wireless devices in the unlicensed frequency bands. In particular it is very important that WPAN devices coexist with IEEE WLAN devices Coexistence

Slide 26 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Definition of Coexistence Multiple wireless devices are said to “coexist” if they can be collocated without significantly impacting the performance of any of these devices Coexistence

Slide 27 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Interoperability The IEEE currently defines three levels of interoperability –Physically exchanging two interoperable devices causes no damage to the devices –Similar to our definition of coexistence –Interoperable devices can exchange data We will allow but not require interoperability as a coexistence mechanism Coexistence

Slide 28 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 WPAN Interoperability Classes Class 4 - Fully Interoperable Class 3 - Partial Interoperability: there is a way on the medium to exchange data without an intermediate device –Class 3a Transmit and Receive –Class 3b Receive Only –Class 3c Detect Energy Class 2 - Bridge-like (1 MAC/2 PHYs) Class 1 - Gateway-like (> 1 MAC) Class 0 - Non Interoperable Coexistence

Slide 29 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Scope of Coexistence Task Group The goal will be to address coexistence of: –Any WPAN with any WLAN –Any WPAN with any other WPAN (assuming there will be more than one) –Any WPAN with selected other devices in the same band (e.g. HomeRF) Coexistence

Slide 30 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Coexistence Task Group Charter Three Phases 1.Develop a Coexistence Model 2.Suggest Recommended Practices for , and other band users to facilitate coexistence. 3.Possibly suggest option choices or modifications to the and standards to enhance coexistence Coexistence

Slide 31 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Coexistence Model The purpose of this model is: –To understand under what circumstance there is a coexistence problem and under what circumstances there is not a problem. –To develop supporting evidence to justify the recommended suggested practices and possible standards modifications Coexistence

Slide 32 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Coexistence Model PHY Layer Models MAC Layer Models Data Traffic Models RF Propagation Models Coexistence Model Coexistence

Slide 33 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Coexistence Model PHY Models –Models of the and PHY layers which will predict the impact of mutual interference when multiple devices are operating simultaneously, based upon given signal power levels Coexistence

Slide 34 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Coexistence Model Data Traffic Model –Model the data traffic flow based upon different application scenarios for both the WLAN and WPAN networks Voice traffic File transfer Warehouse data collection Video & Others Coexistence

Slide 35 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Coexistence Model MAC Layer Models –Model the WLAN and WPAN MAC layers. –Combine that with the Data Traffic models to determine when each of the networks are transmitting data Coexistence

Slide 36 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Coexistence Model RF Propagation Model –Model RF signal power levels at the different WPAN and WLAN nodes based on an RF propagation model. –Consider different application scenarios and physical distribution of devices Coexistence

Slide 37 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Coexistence Model Bring together the four parts of the model to predict the impact on the WPAN and WLAN networks. –Data throughput –Data latency Coexistence

Slide 38 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Coexistence Task Group Plan Review previously performed research. Form Teams to work the different areas of the Coexistence Models. Plan out what is the best approach to model the four areas of the model. Plan out what is the best method to synthesize the four areas of the model. Select the network performance metrics we plan to use Coexistence

Slide 39 Bob Heile-May 16, Task Group 3 High Rate - WPAN Jim Allen Walt Davis William Bailey High Rate WPAN

Slide 40 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Purpose Provide a high speed PHY and MAC enhancement to for applications which involve Imaging, Multimedia, and networks with more than 8 users. Bi - Modal PHY –Compatible with –20+ Mbps Multimedia Capable MAC –Isochronous –Enhancements to –Not to impede Task Group 1 progress or direction High Rate WPAN

Slide 41 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Wireless Transfer Rates Bluetooth 5 Pictures 1 Mbs High-Rate 5 Pictures 20 Mbs Start High Rate WPAN Source: Rick Alfvin, Eastman Kodak

Slide 42 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Broad Market Potential Today’s, low bandwidth wireless systems do not satisfy the needs for consumer priced, embedded, high data rate systems. Applications include: –Digital (Still) Imaging –Multimedia (Video, Voice over IP) –Many-user systems Activity initiated by Eastman Kodak, Motorola, Cisco Systems High Rate WPAN

Slide 43 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Compatibility Bi-Modal –The proposal will be backward compatible with Mbps mode using the dual mode PHY layer and MAC. Is intended to conform to the 802 standards guidelines imposed on Task Group will work with Coexistence Task Group High Rate WPAN

Slide 44 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Distinct Identity 20+ Mbps High Speed Personal Area Network is not currently being addressed by other Standards bodies or Industry Groups a & b addresses the speed, but not the requirements of an embeddable consumer oriented WPAN addresses the requirements of an embeddable consumer oriented WPAN, but not the speed High Rate WPAN

Slide 45 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Technical Feasibility PHY - A 20 Mbps prototype is operational. –ASIC architecture has passed internal feasibility review –Prototype performance testing has started MAC - Several enhancements to TG1 are being modeled and simulated at the Protocol and Network levels. Technology is scaleable to higher data rates and 5.8 GHz High Rate WPAN

Slide 46 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Economical Feasibility Bill of Materials expected to be consistent with current Task Group 1 estimates. Current ASIC estimates and discrete bill of materials provide validation High Rate WPAN

Slide 47 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Devices & Accessories High Rate WPAN Source: Rick Alfvin, Eastman Kodak

Slide 48 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Basic Requirement: Enable the high-speed, wireless interconnection of consumer devices to support the transfer of large multi-media data files and high speed, real-time data streams High Rate WPAN Applications Source: Walt Davis, Motorola

Slide 49 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 –Video distribution from set-top boxes to remote TV sets –In-home Internet connectivity from set-top boxes to personal devices and computers –Wireless video camera linkages –Wireless Audio and Video distribution for Home Theater Systems DCT High Rate WPAN Applications Source: Walt Davis, Motorola

Slide 50 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Applications –Low cost, high speed In-Home networking Computer to computer Computer to printer Digital camera to printer Appliance to appliance Communications devices to peripherals High Rate WPAN Source: Walt Davis, Motorola

Slide 51 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Application Requirements Ease of use –Digital Image data transfers need to be easy to initiate and take less than 15 seconds. Ad-hoc network capability –Easily enter, join or leave a network –User doesn’t need to know IP addresses –It just happens! High Rate WPAN

Slide 52 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Application Requirements Range –10 meters Multiple transmit power levels –Low (1m to kiosk) –High (10m in home) Low power consumption –compatible with CF card specifications High Rate WPAN

Slide 53 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Application Requirements High Bandwidth –Data Rate at least 20 Mbps –Data Types Bulk transfers (multi-Megabyte sized image files) Isochronous data (packetized video streams) Asynchronous data (e.g. interactive sessions) High Rate WPAN

Slide 54 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Application Requirements Very Cost Sensitive –Consumer RF systems for consumer products such as digital cameras must be cost competitive with IR and Bluetooth class solutions High Rate WPAN

Slide 55 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Application Requirements Stringent Power Requirements –Suitable for use in portable, battery operated equipment –Multiple power management modes awake sleep suspend High Rate WPAN

Slide 56 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Technical Requirements RF PHY –Internationally recognized license free band –Multiple channels –Bi-directional, half duplex –Inexpensive –Low risk technical feasibility –Short time to market High Rate WPAN

Slide 57 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Technical Requirements RF PHY –Security --Assurance of privacy and prevention of theft-of-service –Co-existence / compatibility with other protocols operating in the same band –Channel Noise Immunity Error Tolerance:FEC capable of correcting a 0.1% BER Delay Spread Tolerance:100 Nanoseconds High Rate WPAN

Slide 58 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Technical Requirements MAC Protocol Layer –Ability to select & negotiate the use of one of several available RF channels. –Support the creation of an ad hoc network –Support high effective data rates –Support isochronous data, asynchronous data, and bulk transfers High Rate WPAN

Slide 59 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Technical Requirements MAC Protocol Layer –QOS --Support for multiple ( 3 or more) streams of real-time video plus three voice channels and an internet traffic channel or support for up six high fidelity audio channels plus one real-time video channel –Security --Upper level support for implementation of WAP cellular protocols, internet E-Commerce protocols, etc High Rate WPAN

Slide 60 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Technical Requirements MAC Protocol Layer –Inexpensive –Transparent to upper layer protocols e.g. TCP/IP –Low complexity –Low risk to implement –Short time to market High Rate WPAN

Slide 61 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 May 2000 –Complete work on Criteria Document –Issue Final Call for Applications and Proposals September 2000 –Update Criteria Document based on CFPs –Select Candidate Proposal November 2000 –Begin Writing Draft Standard – Resolve Conflicts –Review interfaces between MAC/PHY etc. July 2001 –Draft Standard Complete –Solicit Sponsor Balloters November 2001 –Submit to Sponsor Ballot Project Timeline High Rate WPAN

Slide 62 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Conclusion Summary

Slide 63 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Success means: To be recognized by companies as the place to go for WPAN functionality in their products To have users demand P compliance as a minimum requirement of product functionality Summary Thoughts on Objectives/Missions/Timelines

Slide 64 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Thoughts on Objectives/Missions/Timelines Need Wireless PAN standards sooner rather than later Needs to be recognized by Bluetooth, HomeRF and Good enough(meets market need for functionality) vs perfect is an acceptable trade-off for speed in delivery of a standard. Absolutely need coexistence Have more flexibility on interoperability solutions Additional PARs are likely for –Ultra low power/low cost/low data rate requirements –Bridging Summary

Slide 65 Bob Heile-May 16, Working Group for WPANs Summary Chartered to develop PAN standards for short distance wireless networks. Cognizant of emerging industry specifications and the importance of building on the work of these groups. Key role in providing an open forum to debate these proposals, identify issues, and build consensus. Goal is to create standards having broad market appeal and deal effectively with coexistence and interoperability. Timeframe for first standard is November, Summary

Slide 66 Bob Heile-May 16, Plenary & Interim Meetings 1999 –July 5-9, Queen Elizabeth Hotel, Montreal, PQ, Plenary –September 13-17, Hilton, Santa Rosa, CA, Interim (Alantro) –November 8-12, Hyatt Regency, Kauai, Koloa, HI, Plenary 2000 –January 10-14, Israel, Interim (Breezecom) –March 6-10, Hyatt Regency, Albuquerque, NM, Plenary –May 8-12, Madison Renaissance, Seattle, Interim (Boeing) –July 10-14, Hyatt Regency La Jolla, San Diego, CA, Plenary –September 18-22, Radisson, Phoenix, Interim (Motorola) –November 6-10, Hyatt Regency, Tampa, FL, Plenary Plenary and Interim Meetings are official meetings whereas Ad Hoc and Liaison Meetings are unofficial Meetings and as such do not accrue voting rights and no official actions can be taken by the participants. Source: Summary

Slide 67 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Archive, Mailing List, URLs IEEE Web Site – WPAN Mailing List –stds-802- IEEE Web Site – Bluetooth Special Interest Group – Home RF Working Group – To add your name to IEEE mailing list please send an to or Summary

Slide 68 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Questions & Answers Summary

Slide 69 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Back-up Slides

Slide 70 Bob Heile-May 16, WPAN - Liaisons Bluetooth Special Interest Group Home Radio Frequency Working Group (HRFWG) Infrared Data Association (IrDA) IEEE P Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), MobileIP MMAC/PC ETSI Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN) Project Wireless LAN Alliance (WLANA) DoT FHWA ITS DSRC Summary

Slide 71 Bob Heile-May 16, 2000 Liaison Objectives Promote the IEEE as a Value Add Promote the IEEE 802 as a leader in Wireless Standards-Making Promote P as an expert in WPANs Request/Receive Draft Standard Submissions Through our Liaison Activities from External and Internal (IEEE) Sources Summary