Corrie DiSalvo Diana Duque Kristin Hopkins Lizbeth Londono Marcela Morado Chapter 28 Lessons 1 & 3 7 th Grade

Infectious Diseases Diseases caused by the growth of pathogenic organisms in the body

Bacteria A single-celled microorganism Abundant in air, soil, and water Harmful Rapid Multiplication

Viruses Smallest known type of infectious agent One of the worst enemies (HIV) Unique Structure Invades all forms of life

Rickettsias Way of Multiplying Its Location Transmission Examples –Typhus and Rocky-Mountain spotted fever

Protozoans Single-celled organisms 30 different types Its Location

Fungi Simple organisms Saprophytes Prefers dark and damp environments Invasion sites –Ex: ringworms or athlete's foot.

Transmission Spread of infectious pathogens

People Direct contact –Ex. Hand shake, pregnant women to unborn child Indirect contact –Ex. Cough, sneeze

Animals Dogs –Rabies Mosquitoes –Malaria and dengue fever

Contaminated Objects Examples –Eating utensils –Glasses –Toothbrush –Door knobs –Pencils –Computer mouse

Environment Careless disposal of waste Careless handling of foods Pollution in air and water

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Immune Response Nonspecific vs. Specific Resistance

Nonspecific Resistance Physical barriers –Mucus membranes and skin Chemical barriers –Tears, saliva, and acidic digestive juices Body cells –Phagocytes

Specific Resistance Lymphocytes –T-cells –B-cells Antibodies –Macrophages

Mission: Search and Destroy

Prevention Immunity and Immunization

Immunity Active Immunity –The defense system the body develops to protect one from diseases Passive Immunity –The temporary defense that an infant acquires from its mothers

Immunization Passive Immunization –Immediate, short lived protection Active Immunization –vaccination

Test Your Knowledge 1.Mother to baby –Passive immunity 2.Flu vaccine –Active immunization 3.Acute poisoning treatment –Passive immunization 4.Hepatitis A vaccine –Active immunization

Test Your Knowledge Cont. 5. Tetanus vaccine –Active immunization 6. Chicken pox –Active immunity 7. Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine –Active immunization

Common Sense Measures Hand washing

Common Sense Measures Good Nutrition Regular exercise Bathe or shower daily Cover mouth when coughing or sneezing Avoid contact with people who are sick Avoid sharing of utensils

Come out, Come out Wherever you are?

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