Adolescence Lesson 8

Before the Bell: Type 1: what is the biggest misconception that the public has about teens? Why do you think that is?

The most notable change in development in adolescences is growth, but there are major changes in the brain. Teen brain lecture

Before the Bell:.. Discuss at your table the best and worse thing about being a teenager.

Your Subtopics Go Here Changes in MalesChanges in Females Testes increase output of testosterone. Ovaries secrete more estrogen. Sexual organs grow.Growth of breast tissue. Voice deepens.Growth of supportive tissue in hips and buttocks. Hair on face and chest; growth of pubic and underarm hair. Pelvic region widens. Broader shoulders, thicker body. Hips become rounder. More muscle, larger heart and lungs. Growth of pubic and underarm hair. Larger heart and lungs.Menstruation

I. Physical Development 4. Awkward Age a. feel disproportionate as different parts of the body grow at different rates. b. actually tend to be well coordinated during adolescence. c. don’t always eat enough of the right foods to support growth spurts. : calcium, iron for girls.

I. Physical Development C. Sexual Development 1. Puberty – specific developmental changes that lead to the ability to reproduce. 2. primary sex characteristics – changes that are directly involved in reproduction 3. secondary sex characteristics – no directly involved 4. August studies showing hitting puberty earlier s-hitting-puberty-early-age-study- suggests/story?id=

I. Physical Development D. Differences in Maturation Rates 1. Research suggests that boys who mature early have certain advantages over those who mature later. 2. tend to be more popular and leaders. 3. Size and strength competitive edge in sports, more self assured and relaxed

I. Physical Development 4. Not necessarily more mature 5. The seeming advantages fade over time. 6. Studies show boys who mature later may show better adjustment as adults.

II. Social Development A.Storm and Stress 1. Biology and Adolescence – research suggest that the hormonal changes have effect on the activity levels, mood swings, and aggressive tendencies …but cultural and social influence have more effect. 2. Psychology and Adolescence a. some people adolescence is long, some people it is relatively short.

Good Morning Get out whatever you want to have our Round Robin talk.

Write a paragraph in which you explain what factors you think have been most important in forming your identity.

II. Social Development B. Relationships with Parents 1. Quest for Independence – as you strive for more independence conflicts may arise. a. Typical conflicts: homework, chores, money, appearance, curfew, dating, friends. b. may want to spend less time with family and have more emotional attachment to people who are not family members

II. Social Development C. Lasting Bond 1. Greater independence doesn’t mean you don’t love your families 2. Studies show adolescents who fell close to their parents tend to show greater self-reliance and independence. 3. Tend to share similar social, political, religious, and economic views. 4. Teens tend to interact with their mothers more than their fathers. (and follow the advice of)

Need pen and paper How many clique’s are you in? List how many “groups you belong to.

II. Social Development D. Relationships with Peer 1. Peers become more important in terms of influence and emotional support. 2. Adolescent Friendships a. tend to have “best” friends b. spend a lot of time with them c. value loyalty as a key aspect d. generally chose similar in age, background, educational goals, and attitudes toward drinking, drug use, and sexual activity

II. Social Development 3. Cliques and Crowds a. clique – a group of 5-10 people who spend a great deal of time with one another, sharing activities and information b. crowd – larger groups of people who do not spend as much time together, but share attitudes and group identity

II. Social Development 4. Peer Influences a. parents worry b. actually research suggests that peers are more likely to urge adolescents to work for good grades and complete high school then to try drugs, sexual activity, etc. c. Do influence in dress, hair, speech patterns, music d. more likely to agree with parents on education/career goals

II. Social Development 4. Peer Influences e. Peer Pressure – 1.seek approval of peers and feel better about yourself when they agree. 2. Peers provide standards by which teens can measure their behavior as you grow more independent of your parents 3. Share same feelings/ difficulties.

III. Identity Formation A.Identify Development 1. Psychoanalyst Erik Erikson believed that life is a journey of 8 stages. In each stage there is a task that must be mastered for health development to continue. The adolescent state is the search for identity – a sense of who you are and what you stand for.

III. Identity Formation A.Identify Development 2. Erikson believed the task of establishing one’s identity is accomplished by choosing a commitment to a particular role or occupation in life. 3. May involve developing one’s own political and religious beliefs.

III. Identity Formation Identity Status Categories By studying how teenagers handle commitment and cope with the adolescent identity crisis, psychologist James Marcia identified four adolescent identity status categories. Identity Moratorium Searching for identity, exploring alternatives, delaying commitments (experiment with different personalities/behaviors) Identity Foreclosure Conforming, accepting childhood identity and values, identifying with others, making commitments and plans without self-examination, becoming inflexible (letting others make decisions for you) Identity Diffusion Making no commitment, no soul searching, no goals, angry and rebellious (searching and frustrated) Identity Achievement Exploring options, committing to direction in life and occupation, finding own identity (happy working on goals)

III. Identity Formation C. Gender and Ethnicity in Identity Formation 1. Erik Erickson's theory believed that people develop the capacity to form intimate relationships in young adult stage. Believed that development of relationships more important than other issues (for males) 2. Ethnicity and Identity Formation Often more complicated for teens in minority groups. Faced with two sets of cultural values which sometimes conflict Lab : Write a paragraph in which you explain what factors you think have been most important in forming your identity.

IV. Challenges of Adolescence A.Difficult Time 1.Have a lot going on 2.How do you deal with challenges?

B. Eating Disorders 1. Anorexia Nervosa – usually weigh less than 85% of what would be considered healthy weight a. mostly women, use diet and exercise b. deny they are wasting away – body image is distorted c. can lose as much as 25% of body weight in a year d. About 5% die because of causes related to problem. e. long term problem. DryPE&feature=fvw

B. Eating Disorders 2. Bulimia Nervosa a. binge eating with dramatic measures to eliminate food like vomiting b. mostly female c. often perfectionist LeO5oQk

B. Eating Disorders 3. Men – often involved in sports or jobs that require them to be a certain weight – ie. Wrestling 4. Families play a role – parents have an eating disorder/ likely to have children with 5. many believe develop as a way of dealing with feelings of loneliness

C. Substance Abuse 1. Prevalence – 2. Treatment 3. Prevention

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