PROPERTIES OF PERIODIC TABLE

GROUP 1:ALKALI METALS Group 1- all the way on left side (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) Properties: All metals Very reactive –never found alone in nature Good conductors of energy Shiny Solid at room temp Low densities Valence electrons: 1 Uses: Sodium is in salt Lithium is in batteries Potassium to help bone growth- in bananas Can be good or bad.

GROUP 2: ALKALINE EARTH METALS Group 2- 2 nd from left side (Be, Mg, Ca, Br, Ba, Ra) Properties: reactive Good conductors of energy Shiny Solid at room temp Low densities Valence electrons: 2 Uses: Calcium helps with bone growth and strength Used to build airplane parts Used in medicine-barium, radium Can be good or bad.

GROUP 3-12: TRANSITION METALS Group 3-12-middle of the periodic table Properties: reactive Good conductors of energy Shiny Solid at room temp Low densities Many are radioactive Valence electrons: 1-2: it depends on the element Uses: Jewelry-gold, silver, platinum, copper Artificial bones, surgical procedures Electronics Can be good or bad.

LANTHANIDE AND ACTINIDES (TRANSITION METALS) Two rows at bottom of periodic table Properties: reactive Good conductors of energy Shiny Solid at room temp, except Mercury (he’s a liquid) Low densities Valence electrons: 1-2- it depends on the element Uses: Nuclear power plants (for example Uranium) Light bulbs and tv’s Can be good or bad.

GROUP 13: BORON GROUP Group 13-by zigzag line (B, Al, Ga, In, Tl) Properties: 1 metalloid that acts more like metal (Boron) Rest are metals: Good conductors of energy Shiny Solid at room temp, Low densities Valence electrons: 3 Uses: Dinnerware Airplane and car parts Boron-medicinal Can be good or bad.

GROUP 14: CARBON GROUP Group 14-by zigzag line (C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) Properties: Solid Mixture of metalloids (Si, and Ge) Metals (Sn, Pb) Nonmetals (C) Valence electrons: 4 Uses: Carbon-in every living thing, diamonds, graphite Tin- canned food Lead-plumbing (until it was found to be poisonous Germanium-computer chips Can be good or bad.

GROUP 15: NITROGEN GROUP Group 15-by zigzag line (N, P, As, Sb, Bi) Properties: All are solid except N (it’s a gas at room temperature) Mixture of metalloids (As, and Sb)-act more like nonmetals Metals (Bi) Nonmetals (N)-gas Valence electrons: 5 Uses: Matches (phosphorus) Rat poison and pesticides (arsenic) Nitrous oxide, atmosphere (nitrogen) Stomach issues (bismuth) Can be good or bad.

GROUP 16: OXYGEN GROUP Group 16-by zigzag line (O, S, Se, Te, Po) Properties: Nonmetals- Oxygen, sulfur, and selenium Metalloids- tellurium Metals- Polonium Valence electrons: 6 Uses: Oxygen- we need to breath, necessary for things to burn Selenium-help with bad cholesterol Sulfur-gives rotten eggs their smell, can be made into strong acid Can be good or bad.

GROUP 17: HALOGEN GROUP Group 17-2 nd from the right (F, Cl, Br, I, At) Properties: Very reactive F, and Cl are gases Poor conductors of electricity Are not found by themselves in nature Like to bond with Group 1 (Alkali metals) to form salts Valence electrons: 7 Uses: Toothpaste for tooth strength Disinfectants/antiseptics Sterilization of water Can be good or bad.

GROUP 18: NOBLE GASES GROUP Group 18-All the way on the right (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn) Properties: NOT reactive Do not bond unless forced to Odorless Colorless (unless you run electricity through it) Gas form Valence electrons: full shell, that means 8 for everyone except He (he only had 2) Uses: Neon lights Light bulbs Filling balloons Can be good or bad.

HYDROGEN ALL BY ITSELF- over the alkali metals on left side of table Properties: Very reactive Odorless Colorless (unless you run electricity through it) Gas form Valence electrons: 1 Uses: Rocket fuel Stars Atmosphere water Can be good or bad.