Today’s Schedule – 4/1 Outline ed to Ms. Hayden? PPT: Isolationism to War Videos: Lead-up to WWII Abroad HW: – Read

Retreat in Europe U.S. quarrels with former allies over repayment of $10 billion in wartime loans U.S. never joined the League of Nations U.S. refuses recognition of Soviet Union in 1920s – 1933 FDR opened diplomatic relations

Washington Conference of 1921 England agrees to U.S. naval equality Japan accepted as third largest naval power- prob? All nations agree to limit naval construction

Washington Conference of 1921 Nine-Power Treaty - Open Door Policy reaffirmed Five-Power Treaty – 10 year moratorium on battleship building Four-Power Treaty-establishes alliance among U.S., Great Britain, Japan, France

Kellogg-Briand Pact 1920s – American diplomacy permeated by a sense of disillusionment – Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928 Outlaws war except in matters of self-defense What was France trying to accomplish with this?

Cooperation in Latin America Coolidge, Hoover, FDR substitute cooperation for military coercion FDR’s "Good Neighbor" policy renounces past imperialism – 1933: U.S. repudiates Roosevelt Corollary Re-emphasizes the Monroe Doctrine

Isolationism Depression shifts focus to domestic affairs Rise of militaristic regimes threatens war – Germany – Italy – Japan

The Lure of Pacifism and Neutrality Most Americans resolved against another meaningless war Senator Gerald Nye leads passage of neutrality legislation – U.S. trade with nations at war prohibited – U.S. loans to nations at war prohibited Japan invades China FDR permits sale of arms to China

Rivalry in Asia Japanese occupy Korea, parts of Manchuria, China U.S. Open Door policy blocks Japanese dominance of China

War in Europe FDR approves appeasement of Hitler Hitler seizes Czechoslovakia FDR attempts to revise the neutrality acts, to give edge to England, France July, FDR attacks neutrality acts September WWII begins, FDR declares the acts in force

The Road to War U.S. remains at peace Popular sympathy for Allies, distaste for Germany and Japan FDR openly expresses favor for Allies, moves cautiously to avoid isolationist outcry

From Neutrality to Undeclared War FDR seeks help for England without actually entering the war – “cash and carry” 1940 Election – "you boys are not going to be sent into any foreign war"

From Neutrality to Undeclared War: Increased Aid to England U.S. gives or loans war supplies – Lend-Lease Act of 1941 U.S. ships transport war supplies – Naval war Eventual consensus that a Nazi victory in Europe would threaten western civilization

Showdown in the Pacific Japanese occupation of coastal China U.S. limits exports to Japan of strategic materials – Oil Japan allies with Germany & Italy

Showdown in the Pacific: Pearl Harbor U.S.-Japanese negotiations Japan’s demands: – free hand in China – restoration of normal trade relations U.S. demands Japanese troops out of China December 7, Pearl Harbor attacked December 8--War declared