Bell Ringer Which weakness of the Articles of Confederation do you think was the most damaging to the new Republic? What was the original goal of the Constitutional Convention? Which weakness of the Articles of Confederation do you think was the most damaging to the new Republic? What was the original goal of the Constitutional Convention?

Unit 2: The American Revolution Lesson 5: Creating the Constitution and Ratification Debate

Conflict with a New Government Virginia Plan: Created by James Madison Said that the Legislative Branch (Congress) would have two houses Representation based on the state’s Population New Jersey Plan: Created by William Paterson Said that the Legislative Branch would have one house Each state had one representative Virginia Plan: Created by James Madison Said that the Legislative Branch (Congress) would have two houses Representation based on the state’s Population New Jersey Plan: Created by William Paterson Said that the Legislative Branch would have one house Each state had one representative

A Great Compromise The Great Compromise: settled how states would be represented in the new government, setting up the House of Representatives, which pleased the larger states, and the Senate, which appealed to the smaller states The Great Compromise was a merger of the VA Plan and the NJ Plan

More Conflict, this time Slavery Southern states wanted to count slaves as part of their population in determining representation in the House (the larger a state’s population, the more representation they would have in the House) Northerners opposed this because slaves could not vote or pay taxes Southern states wanted to count slaves as part of their population in determining representation in the House (the larger a state’s population, the more representation they would have in the House) Northerners opposed this because slaves could not vote or pay taxes

The Issue of Slavery Southerners also wanted the Constitution to forbid government interference in the slave trade and limit Congress’ power to regulate trade As a compromise, the delegates decided: -The new Congress could not tax exports -Could not ban the slave trade until 1808 Southerners also wanted the Constitution to forbid government interference in the slave trade and limit Congress’ power to regulate trade As a compromise, the delegates decided: -The new Congress could not tax exports -Could not ban the slave trade until 1808

Another Compromise: 3/5ths Compromise A solution to the slavery representation issue was reached with the Three-Fifths Compromise Every five enslaved people would be counted as three free persons for taxes and representation in the House A solution to the slavery representation issue was reached with the Three-Fifths Compromise Every five enslaved people would be counted as three free persons for taxes and representation in the House

Other Key ideas of the New Government SEPARATION OF POWERS SEPARATION OF POWERS LIMITED GOVERNMENT

Ratification In September 1787 the Confederation Congress approved the new Constitution The task now was to convince at least nine of the thirteen state governments to ratify the document in order for it to take effect In September 1787 the Confederation Congress approved the new Constitution The task now was to convince at least nine of the thirteen state governments to ratify the document in order for it to take effect

The Federalists Supported the Constitution Believed that the system of checks and balances would protect the rights of the people Believed that, though the national government would have supreme power, the states would retain many of their powers Alexander Hamilton and James Madison Supported the Constitution Believed that the system of checks and balances would protect the rights of the people Believed that, though the national government would have supreme power, the states would retain many of their powers Alexander Hamilton and James Madison

The Anti Federalists They believed in the need for a national government, but were weary of a National Government that had TOO much power They believed in the need for a national government, but were weary of a National Government that had TOO much power Made up mostly of western farmers Made up mostly of western farmers Thomas Jefferson was an Anti-Federalist Thomas Jefferson was an Anti-Federalist They believed in the need for a national government, but were weary of a National Government that had TOO much power They believed in the need for a national government, but were weary of a National Government that had TOO much power Made up mostly of western farmers Made up mostly of western farmers Thomas Jefferson was an Anti-Federalist Thomas Jefferson was an Anti-Federalist

The Ratification Debate Federalists and Anti-Federalists debated across the country for months over whether or not their states should approve the Constitution The Federalists created a series of essays called the Federalist Papers, which supported the Constitution The Anti Federalists demanded that the new Constitution acknowledge individual rights This demand led to the creation of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists debated across the country for months over whether or not their states should approve the Constitution The Federalists created a series of essays called the Federalist Papers, which supported the Constitution The Anti Federalists demanded that the new Constitution acknowledge individual rights This demand led to the creation of the

Exit Ticket! How did the Great Compromise take ideas from the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to organize the government so the leaders at the Constitutional Convention would be happy? What was the main debate between the Federalists and Anti Federalists? What was added to the Constitution to make the Anti-federalists support the new document? How did the Great Compromise take ideas from the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to organize the government so the leaders at the Constitutional Convention would be happy? What was the main debate between the Federalists and Anti Federalists? What was added to the Constitution to make the Anti-federalists support the new document?