Main-Group Elements: Groups 1-2 & 3A-8A (s and p orbitals) -wide range of properties (metals/nonmetals.

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Presentation transcript:

Main-Group Elements: Groups 1-2 & 3A-8A (s and p orbitals) -wide range of properties (metals/nonmetals

Transition Metals: Groups 3-12 (d orbitals) Main-Group Elements: Groups 1-2 & 3A-8A (s and p orbitals) -wide range of properties (metals/nonmetals

Inner Transition Metals: (f orbitals) Transition Metals: Groups 3-12 (d orbitals) Main-Group Elements: Groups 1-2 & 3A-8A (s and p orbitals) -wide range of properties (metals/nonmetals sdp

3s 2 3p 6 2s22s2 18-argon (Ar) 17-chlorine (Cl) 2s12s1 10-neon (Ne) 9-fluorine (F) Valence Electrons: e – ’s in the highest occupied energy level 11-sodium (Na) What’s the number one, most significant factor that groups the elements together? 3-lithium (Li) 4-beryllium (Be) 12-magnesium (Mg) 3s13s1 3s23s2 3s 2 3p 5 2s 2 2p 5 2s 2 2p 6

soft, metallic solids most reactive metals b/c… …lose 1 e – easiest more reactive down a group Lithium (Li) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) 1s 2 2s 1 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 1 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 1 video clip Alkali Metals Group # : 1 Valence electrons: 1

1s 2 2s 2 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 Beryllium (Be) Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca) reactive metals more reactive down a group b/c… …lose 2 e – ’s fairly easily Alkaline Earth Metals Group # : 2 Valence electrons: 2

1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 4p 5 Fluorine (F) Chlorine (Cl) Bromine (Br) most reactive nonmetals more reactive at top of group b/c… …gain 1 e – easiest Halogens Group # : 7A (17) Valence electrons: 7

unreactive gases b/c… …filled valence shell with 8 e – ’s (none lost or gained) Noble Gases Group # : 8A (18) Valence electrons: 8 1s21s2 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 Helium (He) Neon (Ne) Argon(Ar)

O2O2 S WHY? same group, similar chemical properties same group, same # of valence e – ’s

1. Elements in a group in the periodic table… A.have the same mass B.have similar properties C.have the same atomic number D.have the same number of valence electrons Quick Quiz!

2. Alkali metals have how many valence electrons in the highest occupied energy level? A.8 B.1 C.2 D.3 Quick Quiz.

3. Noble gases… A.are the most reactive nonmetals B.are the most reactive metals C.have 8 valence electrons D.are typically unreactive Quick Quiz.

4. Which one of the following is incorrectly labeled? A.Ne, noble gas B.Cu, transition metal C.Sn, nonmetal D.Cl, halogen Quick Quiz.

5. Transition metals are characterized by having electrons in which orbitals? A. s B.p C.d D.f Quick Quiz.